Infantile Iron Deficiency Affects Brain Development in Monkeys Even After Treatment of Anemia.
Infantile Iron Deficiency Affects Brain Development in Monkeys Even After Treatment of Anemia.
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婴儿缺铁影响猴子的大脑发育，即使在贫血治疗后。
DOI：
10.3389/fnhum.2021.624107
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Coe CL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vlasova RM;Wang Q;Willette A;Styner MA;Lubach GR;Kling PJ;Georgieff MK;Rao RB;Coe CL
婴儿期需要高比例的氧化能量代谢来支持大脑生长。不健康的饮食和有限的营养以及其他环境侵害可能会损害这些重要的发育过程。特别是，缺铁性贫血（IDA）被发现会破坏正常的大脑生长和神经行为发育。即使是中等程度的缺铁也可能会影响神经成熟，因为当铁有限时，红细胞首先优先于大脑。使用灵长类动物模型来研究短暂性 ID 的神经效应以及铁治疗后缺陷是否会持续存在。猴脑的大尺寸和出生后生长使得这些发现与人类婴儿的代谢和铁需求相关，并且在诊断贫血后开始治疗反映了临床实践。具体来说，这项分析确定了如果贫血婴儿在确诊后立即接受治疗，其大脑成熟是否仍会在 1 岁时受到损害。每两个月对 41 只幼年恒河猴进行血液学和铁状况筛查。十五成为身份证； 12 名患者符合贫血临床标准，并服用右旋糖酐铁和 B 族维生素 1-2 个月。 1 年时进行 MRI 扫描。将 ID 婴儿的体积和扩散张量成像 (DTI) 测量值与持续保持铁充足 (IS) 的猴子进行比较。先前的 ID 病史与大脑总体积较小有关，这主要是由于几个皮质区域的总灰质 (GM) 显着减少和 GM 体积较小所致。在宏观结构层面，对白质体积（WM）的影响并不那么明显。然而，WM 微观结构的 DTI 分析表明两个较晚成熟的前束受到负面影响。研究结果再次证实了铁对于正常大脑发育的重要性。鉴于即使在铁治疗后和铁依赖性血液学指标恢复后，大脑差异仍然明显，结果强调了早期检测和先发性补充以限制 ID 的神经后果的重要性。
A high percent of oxidative energy metabolism is needed to support brain growth during infancy. Unhealthy diets and limited nutrition, as well as other environmental insults, can compromise these essential developmental processes. In particular, iron deficiency anemia (IDA) has been found to undermine both normal brain growth and neurobehavioral development. Even moderate ID may affect neural maturation because when iron is limited, it is prioritized first to red blood cells over the brain. A primate model was used to investigate the neural effects of a transient ID and if deficits would persist after iron treatment. The large size and postnatal growth of the monkey brain makes the findings relevant to the metabolic and iron needs of human infants, and initiating treatment upon diagnosis of anemia reflects clinical practice. Specifically, this analysis determined whether brain maturation would still be compromised at 1 year of age if an anemic infant was treated promptly once diagnosed. The hematology and iron status of 41 infant rhesus monkeys was screened at 2-month intervals. Fifteen became ID; 12 met clinical criteria for anemia and were administered iron dextran and B vitamins for 1–2 months. MRI scans were acquired at 1 year. The volumetric and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) measures from the ID infants were compared with monkeys who remained continuously iron sufficient (IS). A prior history of ID was associated with smaller total brain volumes, driven primarily by significantly less total gray matter (GM) and smaller GM volumes in several cortical regions. At the macrostructual level, the effect on white matter volumes (WM) was not as overt. However, DTI analyses of WM microstructure indicated two later-maturating anterior tracts were negatively affected. The findings reaffirm the importance of iron for normal brain development. Given that brain differences were still evident even after iron treatment and following recovery of iron-dependent hematological indices, the results highlight the importance of early detection and preemptive supplementation to limit the neural consequences of ID.
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DOI：
10.1038/nrn.2018.1
发表时间：
2018-02-16
期刊：
Nature reviews. Neuroscience
影响因子：
--
作者：
Gilmore JH;Knickmeyer RC;Gao W
通讯作者：
Gao W
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Barks, Amanda;Fretham, Stephanie J. B.;Tran, Phu, V
通讯作者：
Tran, Phu, V
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Abioye, Ajibola, I;McDonald, Emily A.;Friedman, Jennifer F.
通讯作者：
Friedman, Jennifer F.
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Coe, Christopher L;Lubach, Gabriele R;Beard, John L
通讯作者：
Beard, John L
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Geguchadze, Ramaz N.;Coe, Christopher L.;Connor, James R.
通讯作者：
Connor, James R.