Common Factors of Meditation, Focusing, and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: Longitudinal Relation of Self-Report Measures to Worry, Depressive, and Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms Among Nonclinical Students.
Common Factors of Meditation, Focusing, and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: Longitudinal Relation of Self-Report Measures to Worry, Depressive, and Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms Among Nonclinical Students.
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DOI：
10.1007/s12671-014-0296-0
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Sugiura Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sugiura T;Sugiura Y
冥想有着悠久的传统，对许多心理疗法有着重要的影响。据推测，冥想可以培养类似于各种心理疗法的治疗过程。先前的研究采用联合因子分析方法，确定了冥想、专注和认知行为疗法培养的心理状态的五个共同因素，即避免灾难性思维、逻辑客观性、自我观察、接受和超然应对。本研究旨在扩展先前对这五个因素的研究，通过不加干预的两项相关调查，考察它们与抑郁、痴迷和强迫以及担忧症状的纵向关系。研究还探讨了它们对焦虑影响的潜在中介。从两个学生样本（n = 157和232）中进行的纵向问卷研究发现(a)超然应对与约5周后的强迫症症状呈负相关；(b)超然应对与约5周后抑郁症状呈负相关；(c)克制灾难性思维与2个月后的担忧呈负相关，自我观察与2个月后的担忧呈正相关；(d)抑制灾难性思维与担忧的关系是由担忧的负性信念介导的，而自我观察与担忧的关系是由担忧的负性信念和认知过程的监控介导的。由于避免灾难性思维需要从一个人的消极思维中分离出来，而超然应对需要从外部环境和问题中分离出来，因此研究结果表明，隔离态度对于长期减少各种心理症状是有用的。
Meditation has a long tradition with substantial implications for many psychotherapies. It has been postulated that meditation may cultivate therapeutic processes similar to various psychotherapies. A previous study used joint factor analysis to identify five common factors of items of scales purported to capture psychological states cultivated by meditation, focusing, and cognitive behavioral therapy, namely, refraining from catastrophic thinking, logical objectivity, self-observation, acceptance, and detached coping. The present study aimed to extend previous research on these five factors by examining their longitudinal relationship to symptoms of depression, obsession and compulsion, and worrying, with two correlational surveys without intervention. Potential mediators of their effect on worrying were also explored. Longitudinal questionnaire studies from two student samples (n = 157 and 232, respectively) found that (a) detached coping was inversely related to obsessive-compulsive symptoms about 5 weeks later; (b) detached coping was inversely related to depressive symptoms about 5 weeks later; (c) refraining from catastrophic thinking was inversely related to worrying, while self-observation was positively related to worrying about 2 months later; and (d) the relation of refraining from catastrophic thinking to worrying was mediated by negative beliefs about worrying, while the relation of self-observation to worrying was mediated by negative beliefs about worrying and monitoring of one’s cognitive processes. As refraining from catastrophic thinking involves being detached from one’s negative thinking and detached coping involves distancing oneself from external circumstances and problems, the results suggest that distancing attitudes are useful for long-term reduction of various psychological symptoms.
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