Transposable elements and polyploid evolution in animals.

Transposable elements and polyploid evolution in animals.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.gde.2018.04.003
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发表时间:
2018-04
影响因子:
4
通讯作者:
Arkhipova IR
Arkhipova IR
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Rodriguez F;Arkhipova IR

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多倍体在动物中比在植物中少得多,在植物中它被认为是在所有高等植物谱系中普遍存在的。最近的研究强调了多倍体化和相关的二倍体恢复过程对动物界某些分类群体的进化和物种形成的影响:从以鲑鱼和非洲爪蛙为代表的脊椎动物到以寄生性根结线虫和蛭形轮虫为代表的无脊椎动物。在这篇综述中,我们专注于转座因子在这些过程中可能发挥的独特而多样的作用,从杂交前标记和多样化亚基因组特异性染色体组,到再二倍体化过程中影响基因组重组,到影响亚基因组特异性调控进化,偶尔提供驯化和基因扩增的机会,以恢复和改善功能。仍然有很多要学习的染色体大小和单倍型的组件,从未来的比较基因组研究,并从后基因组研究阐明遗传和表观遗传调控现象跨越短和长的进化距离的后生动物的生命树。
Polyploidy in animals is much less common than in plants, where it is thought to be pervasive in all higher plant lineages. Recent studies have highlighted the impact of polyploidization and the associated process of diploidy restoration on the evolution and speciation of selected taxonomic groups in the animal kingdom: from vertebrates represented by salmonid fishes and African clawed frogs to invertebrates represented by parasitic root-knot nematodes and bdelloid rotifers. In this review, we focus on the unique and diverse roles that transposable elements may play in these processes, from marking and diversifying subgenome-specific chromosome sets prior to hybridization, to influencing genome restructuring during rediploidization, to affecting subgenome-specific regulatory evolution, and occasionally providing opportunities for domestication and gene amplification to restore and improve functionality. There is still much to be learned from the future comparative genomic studies of chromosome-sized and haplotype-aware assemblies, and from post-genomic studies elucidating genetic and epigenetic regulatory phenomena across short and long evolutionary distances in the metazoan tree of life.
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