The temporal stability of visuomotor adaptation generalization.

The temporal stability of visuomotor adaptation generalization.
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视觉运动适应泛化的时间稳定性。

DOI:
10.1152/jn.00822.2016
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发表时间:
2017
影响因子:
2.5
通讯作者:
Joiner,WilsaanM
Joiner,WilsaanM
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhou,Weiwei;Fitzgerald,Justin;Colucci-Chang,Katrina;Murthy,KarthikG;Joiner,WilsaanM

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系统性运动扰动的运动适应表现出明显的空间和时间特性。这些特征通常被孤立地研究,使得相互作用在很大程度上未知。在这里,我们研究了视觉适应的时间衰减如何影响运动重新校准的空间概括。首先,我们量化了适应性随时间衰减的程度。受试者到达一个外围目标,旋转应用于看不见的运动的视觉反馈。在不同的延迟时间(0-120 s)内,这种适应的保持:1)在最长延迟时间内下降29.0 ± 6.8%; 2)以一个简单的指数表示,时间常数为22.5 ± 5.6 s。在此基础上,我们模拟了适应的空间泛化如何随延迟而变化。为了直接测试这一点,我们用相同的扰动训练了其他受试者,并评估了转移到19个不同位置(间隔15°,围绕训练位置对称)的情况,并检查了三个延迟(~4、12和25 s)。与模拟一致,我们发现训练方向(±15°)周围的泛化随着延迟和距离的增加而显着下降,而>60°的位置显示出近乎恒定的时空转移。中间距离(30°和45°)显示了空间转移的差异,但这个量在时间上近似恒定。有趣的是,在训练方向上的衰减比单纯基于时间的衰减快,这表明适应的空间转移是由同时发生的被动(时间依赖)和主动(运动依赖)过程修改的。在这里,我们调查了这些功能的相互作用,利用一个简单的运动适应范例(重新校准达到手臂运动旋转的视觉反馈)。我们研究了不同的时间操作的运动适应的空间概括的变化,并报告时空概括的运动适应一般是本地的,并受到被动(时间依赖)和主动(运动依赖)的学习过程。
Movement adaptation in response to systematic motor perturbations exhibits distinct spatial and temporal properties. These characteristics are typically studied in isolation, leaving the interaction largely unknown. Here we examined how the temporal decay of visuomotor adaptation influences the spatial generalization of the motor recalibration. First, we quantified the extent to which adaptation decayed over time. Subjects reached to a peripheral target, and a rotation was applied to the visual feedback of the unseen motion. The retention of this adaptation over different delays (0–120 s)1) decreased by 29.0 ± 6.8% at the longest delay and2) was represented by a simple exponential, with a time constant of 22.5 ± 5.6 s. On the basis of this relationship we simulated how the spatial generalization of adaptation would change with delay. To test this directly, we trained additional subjects with the same perturbation and assessed transfer to 19 different locations (spaced 15° apart, symmetric around the trained location) and examined three delays (~4, 12, and 25 s). Consistent with the simulation, we found that generalization around the trained direction (±15°) significantly decreased with delay and distance, while locations >60° displayed near-constant spatiotemporal transfer. Intermediate distances (30° and 45°) showed a difference in transfer across space, but this amount was approximately constant across time. Interestingly, the decay at the trained direction was faster than that based purely on time, suggesting that the spatial transfer of adaptation is modified by concurrent passive (time dependent) and active (movement dependent) processes.NEW & NOTEWORTHYShort-term motor adaptation exhibits distinct spatial and temporal characteristics. Here we investigated the interaction of these features, utilizing a simple motor adaptation paradigm (recalibration of reaching arm movements in response to rotated visual feedback). We examined the changes in the spatial generalization of motor adaptation for different temporal manipulations and report that the spatiotemporal generalization of motor adaptation is generally local and is influenced by both passive (time dependent) and active (movement dependent) learning processes.
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