Family status and women's career mobility during urban China's economic transition.
Family status and women's career mobility during urban China's economic transition.
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DOI：
10.4054/demres.2021.44.8
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发表时间：
2021-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Wu X
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
He G;Wu X
与西方福利国家的历史经验相反，社会和家庭政策有助于创建更多综合的公共私人领域，中国的市场化提出了一个球体分离的案例。这种现象对经济过渡中性别不平等的动态具有重要意义。本文探讨了家庭地位与妇女在改革时代中国的职业流动性以及家庭对跨不同改革阶段妇女职业选择的影响有关。根据2008年中国一般社会调查（CGSS）的回顾性数据，我们采用离散的logit模型来检查婚姻和生育对妇女上升流动性的影响，劳动力市场退出风险以及这些影响随着时间而变化。劳动力中的中国妇女受到婚姻和受抚养子女的不利影响。他们比男人更有可能经历（特别是不自愿的）工作退出，以履行自己作为妻子和母亲的角色，并且在职业阶梯中升任的可能性较小。随着经济改革的进行，这种模式更加突出。市场化通过增加工作单位（DANWEI）系统和支持职业妇女的社会主义计划后的工作紧张局势，从而对中国妇女的职业成果产生了不利影响。这项研究是尝试从家庭使用两个球体分离框架的家庭的角度来解释中国就业市场上性别差距扩大的少数经验研究之一。该框架起源于西方家庭研究，但已适应适合中国城市的背景。
In contrast to the historical experience of Western welfare states, where social and family policies help create more integrated public–private spheres, marketization in China has presented a case of sphere separation. This phenomenon has important implications for the dynamics of gender inequality in economic transition. This article examines how family status is associated with women’s career mobility in reform-era urban China and the impact of family on women’s career choices across different reform stages. Based on retrospective data from the Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS) in 2008, we adopt discrete-time logit models to examine the effects of marriage and childbearing on women’s upward mobility, the risk of labor market exit, and how the effects vary over time. Chinese women in the workforce are adversely affected by marriage and having dependent children. They are more likely than men to experience (involuntary, in particular) job exit to fulfill their roles as wives and mothers and less likely to move up in the career ladder. This pattern is more prominent as the economic reform proceeds. Marketization has adversely affected Chinese women’s career outcomes by increasing work–family tension after the work unit (danwei) system and socialist programs that supported working women were scrapped. This study is one of the few empirical studies to attempt to explain the widening gender gap in China’s job market from the perspective of family using the two-sphere separation framework. The framework originated in Western family studies but has been adapted to suit the context of urban China.
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影响因子：
1.9
作者：
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通讯作者：
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