IgA dominates the early neutralizing antibody response to SARS-CoV-2.
IgA dominates the early neutralizing antibody response to SARS-CoV-2.
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IGA主导对SARS-COV-2的早期中和抗体反应。
DOI：
10.1126/scitranslmed.abd2223
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发表时间：
2021-01-20
影响因子：
17.1
通讯作者：
Gorochov G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sterlin D;Mathian A;Miyara M;Mohr A;Anna F;Claër L;Quentric P;Fadlallah J;Devilliers H;Ghillani P;Gunn C;Hockett R;Mudumba S;Guihot A;Luyt CE;Mayaux J;Beurton A;Fourati S;Bruel T;Schwartz O;Lacorte JM;Yssel H;Parizot C;Dorgham K;Charneau P;Amoura Z;Gorochov G
针对SARS-CoV-2的早期特异性抗体应答包括IgG、IgM和IgA，但IgA可以在更大程度上中和病毒并控制感染。体液免疫应答在保护个体免受SARS-CoV-2感染方面发挥关键作用，特别是通过中和抗体的活性。Sterlin等人测量了经历了一系列COVID-19疾病严重程度的SARS-CoV-2感染患者的血清、唾液和支气管肺泡灌洗液中的体液免疫反应。IgA抗体占主导地位的早期SARS-CoV-2特异性抗体反应相比，IgG和IgM浓度在这些液体中，并与扩张的IgA浆母细胞与粘膜归巢的特点。IgA血清浓度在症状发作后3周达到峰值，但在唾液中持续数周，血清IgA在中和SARS-CoV-2方面比IgG更有效。这些发现强调了IgA在早期SARS-CoV-2感染中的潜在作用。体液免疫应答的典型特征在于一级IgM抗体应答，随后是与免疫记忆相关的二级抗体应答，并且由IgG、IgA和IgE组成。在这里，我们测量了对SARS-CoV-2的急性体液反应，包括抗体分泌细胞的频率以及159名COVID-19患者的血清，唾液和支气管肺泡液中SARS-CoV-2特异性中和抗体的存在。早期SARS-CoV-2特异性体液反应主要由IgA抗体控制。外周扩张IgA浆母细胞与粘膜归巢的潜力被检测到后不久，症状发作，并在疾病的第三周达到高峰。病毒特异性抗体应答包括IgG、IgM和IgA，但IgA对病毒中和的贡献大于IgG。特异性IgA血清浓度在症状发作后1个月显著下降，但中和IgA在唾液中保持可检测的时间较长（症状后49至73天）。这些结果代表了一个关键的观察，因为新出现的信息与最佳的保护，防止再感染的抗体类型，以及疫苗方案是否应该考虑针对一个强大的，但可能短暂的IgA反应。
Early specific antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 include IgG, IgM, and IgA, but IgA may neutralize virus and control infection to a larger extent. Humoral immune responses play a critical role in protecting individuals against SARS-CoV-2 infection, particularly through the activity of neutralizing antibodies. Sterlin et al. measured humoral immune responses in the serum, saliva, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of SARS-CoV-2–infected patients who experienced a range of COVID-19 disease severity. IgA antibodies dominated the early SARS-CoV-2–specific antibody response compared with IgG and IgM concentrations in these fluids and was associated with expansion of IgA plasmablasts with mucosal homing characteristics. IgA serum concentrations peaked 3 weeks after symptom onset but persisted for several more weeks in saliva, and serum IgA was more potent than IgG in neutralizing SARS-CoV-2. These findings highlight the potential role of IgA during early SARS-CoV-2 infection. Humoral immune responses are typically characterized by primary IgM antibody responses followed by secondary antibody responses associated with immune memory and composed of IgG, IgA, and IgE. Here, we measured acute humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2, including the frequency of antibody-secreting cells and the presence of SARS-CoV-2–specific neutralizing antibodies in the serum, saliva, and bronchoalveolar fluid of 159 patients with COVID-19. Early SARS-CoV-2–specific humoral responses were dominated by IgA antibodies. Peripheral expansion of IgA plasmablasts with mucosal homing potential was detected shortly after the onset of symptoms and peaked during the third week of the disease. The virus-specific antibody responses included IgG, IgM, and IgA, but IgA contributed to virus neutralization to a greater extent compared with IgG. Specific IgA serum concentrations decreased notably 1 month after the onset of symptoms, but neutralizing IgA remained detectable in saliva for a longer time (days 49 to 73 post-symptoms). These results represent a critical observation given the emerging information as to the types of antibodies associated with optimal protection against reinfection and whether vaccine regimens should consider targeting a potent but potentially short-lived IgA response.
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