Origin and Function of Circulating Plasmablasts during Acute Viral Infections.
Origin and Function of Circulating Plasmablasts during Acute Viral Infections.
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DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2012.00078
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Fink K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fink K
活化的B细胞在免疫或感染后增殖并分化为抗体产生细胞、长寿浆细胞和记忆B细胞。相同抗原的重复相遇会触发先前存在的特定记忆B细胞的快速重新激活，然后这些B细胞可能进入新的生发中心反应并分化为短暂的浆母细胞或作为记忆B细胞留在系统中。短暂的类转换免疫球蛋白和免疫球蛋白A浆母细胞出现在循环中的瞬间，这些细胞的频率可能非常高。人类单个成浆细胞的特异性和亲和力已被报道为几种病毒感染，到目前为止，最广泛的是流感和艾滋病毒。总的来说，浆母细胞的免疫球蛋白可变区是高度突变和多样化的，这表明浆母细胞来源于记忆B细胞，但尚不清楚哪些记忆B细胞亚群被激活，以及激活的记忆B细胞在分化前是适应还是成熟。本文综述了病毒感染背景下人浆母细胞的表型和起源，以及这些细胞是否可以作为长期免疫的预测因子。
Activated B cells proliferate and differentiate into antibody-producing cells, long-lived plasma cells, and memory B cells after immunization or infection. Repeated encounter of the same antigen triggers the rapid re-activation of pre-existing specific memory B cells, which then potentially enter new germinal center reactions and differentiate into short-lived plasmablasts or remain in the system as memory B cells. Short-lived class-switched IgG and IgA plasmablasts appear in the circulation transiently and the frequency of these cells can be remarkably high. The specificities and affinities of single plasmablasts in humans have been reported for several viral infections, so far most extensively for influenza and HIV. In general, the immunoglobulin variable regions of plasmablasts are highly mutated and diverse, suggesting that plasmablasts are derived from memory B cells, yet it is unclear which memory B cell subsets are activated and whether activated memory B cells adapt or mature before differentiation. This review summarizes what is known about the phenotype and the origin of human plasmablasts in the context of viral infections and whether these cells can be predictors of long-lived immunity.
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影响因子：
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