Is the Belief in Meritocracy Palliative for Members of Low Status Groups? Evidence for a Benefit for Self-Esteem and Physical Health via Perceived Control.
Is the Belief in Meritocracy Palliative for Members of Low Status Groups? Evidence for a Benefit for Self-Esteem and Physical Health via Perceived Control.
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DOI：
10.1002/ejsp.1959
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发表时间：
2013-06
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Epel, Elissa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McCoy, Shannon K.;Wellman, Joseph D.;Cosley, Brandon;Saslow, Laura;Epel, Elissa
一致持有的意识形态可以作为文化“粘合剂”，证明社会等级地位差异的合理性（例如）。然而，为了发挥作用，这些信念需要被低地位群体所接受。为什么地位较低的群体的成员会认可证明其相对劣势合理的信念？我们认为，美国低地位群体的成员可能会从某些制度正当化信念（例如精英管理信念）中受益，因为这些信念强调对未来结果的控制感。在两项针对女性、社会经济地位较低的女性和有色人种女性的研究中，我们发现精英统治信念与幸福感（自尊和身体健康）之间存在正相关关系，而这种关系是由感知控制所介导的。低地位群体的成员可能会从某些制度正当化信念中受益，因为这些信念（如精英统治的信念）强调对未来结果的控制感。
Consensually held ideologies may serve as the cultural “glue” that justifies hierarchical status differences in society (e.g.). Yet to be effective these beliefs need to be embraced by low-status groups. Why would members of low-status groups endorse beliefs that justify their relative disadvantage? We propose that members of low-status groups in the United States may benefit from some system-justifying beliefs (such as the belief in meritocracy) to the extent that these beliefs emphasize the perception of control over future outcomes. In 2 studies, among women, lower-SES women, and women of color, we found a positive relationship between the belief in meritocracy and well-being (self-esteem and physical health) that was mediated by perceived control. Members of low-status groups may benefit from some system-justifying beliefs to the extent that these beliefs, like the belief in meritocracy, emphasize the perception of control over future outcomes.
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