Biochemical and genetic analysis of the role of the viral polymerase in enterovirus recombination.

Biochemical and genetic analysis of the role of the viral polymerase in enterovirus recombination.
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DOI:
10.1093/nar/gkw567
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发表时间:
2016-08-19
影响因子:
14.9
通讯作者:
Evans DJ
Evans DJ
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Woodman A;Arnold JJ;Cameron CE;Evans DJ

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单链正义 RNA 病毒中的基因重组是一种人们知之甚少的机制,它会产生广泛的基因变化和新的表型。通过将关键的顺式作用复制元件 (CRE) 从多蛋白编码区移至 3' 非编码区,我们进一步开发了一种基于细胞的测定(3'CRE-REP 测定),以从双转染细胞中产生遍布脊髓灰质炎病毒非结构编码区的重组体。我们还开发了一种明确的生化检测,其中唯一存在的蛋白质是脊髓灰质炎病毒 RNA 依赖性 RNA 聚合酶 (RdRp),它概括了重组过程的链转移事件。我们使用这两种测定法来研究聚合酶保真度和核苷酸周转率在重组中的作用。我们的 CRE-REP 测定中脊髓灰质炎病毒型间和型内重组以及生化测定中使用一系列聚合酶变体的结果表明,RdRp 保真度是重组频率的基本决定因素。在两种测定中,高保真度聚合酶表现出重组减少,而低保真度聚合酶表现出重组增加。这些研究为分析整个病毒基因组非结构区域的脊髓灰质炎病毒重组提供了基础,并提供了明确的生化测定以进一步剖析这一重要的进化过程。
Genetic recombination in single-strand, positive-sense RNA viruses is a poorly understand mechanism responsible for generating extensive genetic change and novel phenotypes. By moving a critical cis-acting replication element (CRE) from the polyprotein coding region to the 3′ non-coding region we have further developed a cell-based assay (the 3′CRE-REP assay) to yield recombinants throughout the non-structural coding region of poliovirus from dually transfected cells. We have additionally developed a defined biochemical assay in which the only protein present is the poliovirus RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), which recapitulates the strand transfer events of the recombination process. We have used both assays to investigate the role of the polymerase fidelity and nucleotide turnover rates in recombination. Our results, of both poliovirus intertypic and intratypic recombination in the CRE-REP assay and using a range of polymerase variants in the biochemical assay, demonstrate that RdRp fidelity is a fundamental determinant of recombination frequency. High fidelity polymerases exhibit reduced recombination and low fidelity polymerases exhibit increased recombination in both assays. These studies provide the basis for the analysis of poliovirus recombination throughout the non-structural region of the virus genome and provide a defined biochemical assay to further dissect this important evolutionary process.
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