High vaccination coverage is associated with low epidemic level of seasonal influenza in elementary schools: an observational study in Matsumoto City, Japan.
High vaccination coverage is associated with low epidemic level of seasonal influenza in elementary schools: an observational study in Matsumoto City, Japan.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12879-018-3025-9
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发表时间：
2018-03-13
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Kawa S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Uchida M;Kaneko M;Hidaka Y;Yamamoto H;Honda T;Takeuchi S;Saito M;Kawa S
流感病毒的传播可以通过感染控制措施来预防，包括接种疫苗、戴口罩、用水漱口和洗手。然而，目前尚不清楚这些措施是否会影响学校环境中的流感流行。2014/2015赛季，日本松本市所有公立小学进行了一项前瞻性流行病学调查，评估了每所学校的确诊患者数量，并计算了学童的生育数量。在前瞻性调查结束时，一项横断面调查评估了这些学校感染控制措施的执行情况。将这两个结果结合起来，并评估了感染控制措施之间的关联，包括接种疫苗、戴口罩、洗手、用水漱口和流行水平。在29所学校的13,217名学童中，有2548人被诊断出患有季节性流感。各学校接种率与生育次数呈显著负相关，其他感染控制措施与生育次数无显著负相关。具有指数函数的回归曲线最具预测性。在0%接种率下，估计繁殖量为1.39只。这些调查结果提供了证据，表明高疫苗接种率与学校流行病水平的降低有关，并表明有必要增加对学龄儿童的疫苗接种。
Influenza virus transmission may be prevented by infection control measures, including vaccination, wearing a mask, gargling with water, and hand washing. It is unclear, however, whether these measures affect influenza epidemics in school settings. A prospective epidemiological survey in all public elementary schools in Matsumoto City, Japan, during the 2014/2015 season evaluated the number of diagnosed patients in each school and calculated the reproduction number of schoolchildren. At the end of the prospective survey, a cross-sectional survey evaluated the implementation of infection control measures in these schools. Both results were combined and associations among infection control measures including vaccination, mask wearing, hand washing, water gargling, and epidemic level were evaluated. Of the 13,217 schoolchildren in 29 schools, 2548 were diagnosed with seasonal influenza. A significant negative association was observed between vaccination coverage and reproduction number at each school, but not between other infection control measures and the reproduction number. A regression curve with exponential function was most predictive. At 0% vaccination, the reproduction number was estimated to be 1.39. These findings provide evidence that high vaccination coverage was associated with reduced epidemic levels in schools and suggest the need for increased vaccination of schoolchildren.
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