The fly liquid-food electroshock assay (FLEA) suggests opposite roles for neuropeptide F in avoidance of bitterness and shock.
The fly liquid-food electroshock assay (FLEA) suggests opposite roles for neuropeptide F in avoidance of bitterness and shock.
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果蝇液体食物电休克试验（FLEA）表明，神经肽F在避免苦味和休克中起相反的作用。
DOI：
10.1186/s12915-021-00969-7
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发表时间：
2021-02-16
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Rothenfluh A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mishra P;Yang SE;Montgomery AB;Reed AR;Rodan AR;Rothenfluh A
适当调节进食对生物体的健康和生存很重要，并且涉及指导寻找食物的动机成分。剖析动机进食行为的分子和神经机制，需要对动机和食物摄入进行定量分析。动机行为的测量通常包括评估体力劳动或克服厌恶刺激。果蝇的食物摄入量可以通过多种方式确定，包括通过测量果蝇的喙与食物源相互作用的时间，这种时间与果蝇液体-食物相互作用计数器（FLIC）中的电流有关。在这里，我们展示了在这种相互作用中流过苍蝇的电流是厌恶的，我们描述了一种改进的测定方法来测量果蝇的动机。当电流打开时，在与FLIC相互作用期间，食物摄入量减少，这为动机行为的研究提供了一个混淆变量。在FLIC的基础上，我们设计了一种新的测定方法，苍蝇液体食物电击测定（FLEA），它允许对每个喂食井进行电流调整。利用跳蚤，我们发现外部激励和内部激励状态都可以作为果蝇克服更高电流（电击）以获得优质食物的驱动因素。不像类似的实验中，苦味是果蝇克服的厌恶刺激，我们表明，当前的感知并没有因为果蝇变得更加缺乏食物而打折扣。最后，我们使用转基因果蝇来证明神经肽F是电流感觉处理所必需的，神经肽F是哺乳动物NPY的同源物，以前涉及摄食动机的调节。因此，跳蚤是一种准确测量果蝇激励动机的新方法。利用跳蚤，我们还表明神经肽F是正确感知或处理电击所必需的，这是一种涉及处理外部和内部刺激的神经肽的新功能。在线版本包含补充材料，可在10.1186/s12915-021-00969-7获得。
Proper regulation of feeding is important for an organism’s well-being and survival and involves a motivational component directing the search for food. Dissecting the molecular and neural mechanisms of motivated feeding behavior requires assays that allow quantification of both motivation and food intake. Measurements of motivated behavior usually involve assessing physical effort or overcoming an aversive stimulus. Food intake in Drosophila can be determined in a number of ways, including by measuring the time a fly’s proboscis interacts with a food source associated with an electrical current in the fly liquid-food interaction counter (FLIC). Here, we show that electrical current flowing through flies during this interaction is aversive, and we describe a modified assay to measure motivation in Drosophila. Food intake is reduced during the interaction with FLIC when the electrical current is turned on, which provides a confounding variable in studies of motivated behavior. Based on the FLIC, we engineer a novel assay, the fly liquid-food electroshock assay (FLEA), which allows for current adjustments for each feeding well. Using the FLEA, we show that both external incentives and internal motivational state can serve as drivers for flies to overcome higher current (electric shock) to obtain superior food. Unlike similar assays in which bitterness is the aversive stimulus for the fly to overcome, we show that current perception is not discounted as flies become more food-deprived. Finally, we use genetically manipulated flies to show that neuropeptide F, an orthologue of mammalian NPY previously implicated in regulation of feeding motivation, is required for sensory processing of electrical current. The FLEA is therefore a novel assay to accurately measure incentive motivation in Drosophila. Using the FLEA, we also show that neuropeptide F is required for proper perception or processing of an electroshock, a novel function for this neuropeptide involved in the processing of external and internal stimuli. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12915-021-00969-7.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0702726104
发表时间：
2007-05-15
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Ja, William W.;Carvalho, Gil B.;Benzer, Seymour
通讯作者：
Benzer, Seymour
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1716880115
发表时间：
2018-09-04
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Park, Annie;Tran, Tracy;Atkinson, Nigel S.
通讯作者：
Atkinson, Nigel S.
影响因子：
48
作者：
Deshpande, Sonali A.;Carvalho, Gil B.;Amador, Ariadna;Phillips, Angela M.;Hoxha, Sany;Lizotte, Keith J.;Ja, William W.
通讯作者：
Ja, William W.
影响因子：
9.2
作者：
Devineni, Anita V.;Heberlein, Ulrike
通讯作者：
Heberlein, Ulrike
DOI：
10.1126/science.1215932
发表时间：
2012-03-16
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Shohat-Ophir G;Kaun KR;Azanchi R;Mohammed H;Heberlein U
通讯作者：
Heberlein U