Childhood Maltreatment and Mental Health Problems: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Quasi-Experimental Studies.
Childhood Maltreatment and Mental Health Problems: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Quasi-Experimental Studies.
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DOI：
10.1176/appi.ajp.20220174
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发表时间：
2023-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Pingault JB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baldwin JR;Wang B;Karwatowska L;Schoeler T;Tsaligopoulou A;Munafò MR;Pingault JB
儿童虐待与心理健康问题有关，但这种关系在多大程度上是因果关系尚不清楚。为了加强因果推理，我们对研究儿童虐待与心理健康问题之间关系的准实验研究进行了系统回顾和荟萃分析。我们在PubMed， PsycINFO和Embase检索了从创立到2022年1月1日的同行评审的英文文章。采用准实验方法（例如，双胞胎/兄弟姐妹差异设计、双胞胎的孩子设计、收养设计、固定效应设计、随机截距交叉滞后面板模型、自然实验、倾向得分匹配或逆概率加权）检验儿童虐待与心理健康问题之间关系的研究被纳入。我们确定了34项准实验研究，包括54,646名独立参与者。在准实验校正混杂因素之前，儿童虐待与心理健康问题存在中度相关性（Cohen’s d=0.56, 95% CI=0.41-0.71）。经过准实验调整后，儿童虐待与心理健康问题之间仍然存在较小的关联（Cohen’s d=0.31, 95% CI=0.24-0.37）。在不同的准实验方法中，儿童虐待与心理健康之间的这种调整后的关联是一致的，并且在不同的精神疾病中得到了推广。这些发现与儿童虐待对心理健康问题的一小部分因果关系是一致的。此外，研究结果表明，遭受虐待的个人出现精神健康问题的总体风险的一部分是由于更广泛的遗传和环境风险因素。因此，预防儿童虐待和解决暴露于虐待的个体更广泛的精神危险因素可能有助于预防精神病理学。
Childhood maltreatment is associated with mental health problems, but the extent to which this relationship is causal remains unclear. To strengthen causal inference, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of quasi-experimental studies examining the relationship between childhood maltreatment and mental health problems. We searched PubMed, PsycINFO, and Embase for peer-reviewed, English language articles from inception until January 1, 2022. Studies were included if they examined the association between childhood maltreatment and mental health problems using a quasi-experimental method (e.g., twin/sibling differences design, Children of Twins design, adoption design, fixed-effects design, random-intercept cross-lagged panel model, natural experiment, propensity score matching, or inverse probability weighting). We identified 34 quasi-experimental studies, including 54,646 independent participants. Before quasi-experimental adjustment for confounding, childhood maltreatment was moderately associated with mental health problems (Cohen’s d=0.56, 95% CI=0.41-0.71). Following quasi-experimental adjustment, a small association between childhood maltreatment and mental health problems remained (Cohen’s d=0.31, 95% CI=0.24-0.37). This adjusted association between child maltreatment and mental health was consistent across different quasi-experimental methods, and generalised across different psychiatric disorders. These findings are consistent with a small, causal contribution of childhood maltreatment to mental health problems. Furthermore, the findings suggest that part of the overall risk of mental health problems in individuals exposed to maltreatment is due to wider genetic and environmental risk factors. Therefore, preventing childhood maltreatment and addressing wider psychiatric risk factors in individuals exposed to maltreatment could help to prevent psychopathology.
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