The impact of host diet on Wolbachia titer in Drosophila.
The impact of host diet on Wolbachia titer in Drosophila.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.ppat.1004777
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发表时间：
2015-03
期刊：
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Sullivan W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Serbus LR;White PM;Silva JP;Rabe A;Teixeira L;Albertson R;Sullivan W
虽然许多研究已经确定了影响内共生体滴度的宿主因素，但对环境对滴度的影响知之甚少。在这里，我们研究了营养物质对果蝇母体传播的沃尔巴克氏体内共生体的影响。我们证明，果蝇饲养的蔗糖和酵母丰富的饮食表现出增加和减少沃尔巴克氏体滴度卵子发生，分别。酵母诱导的沃尔巴克氏体消耗在很大程度上是由体细胞TOR和胰岛素信号通路介导的。用小分子雷帕霉素破坏TORC1显著增加卵母细胞沃尔巴克氏体滴度，而过度激活体细胞TORC1抑制卵母细胞滴度。此外，位于果蝇大脑中的胰岛素产生细胞的基因消融消除了酵母对卵母细胞滴度的影响。暴露于富含酵母的饮食改变了卵子发生中的沃尔巴克氏体类核形态。此外，膳食酵母增加体细胞沃尔巴克氏体滴度整体，但不是在中枢神经系统。这些发现强调了沃尔巴克氏体和生殖细胞之间的相互作用，强烈的营养敏感，并牵连保守的宿主信号通路，营养物质影响沃尔巴克氏体滴度。许多无脊椎生物在其细胞内携带细菌内共生体。在许多情况下，这确保了宿主获得由内共生体提供的资源，并且宿主提供的营养物质的丰富来源支持细菌生长和繁殖。然而，如果细菌繁殖不受控制，过多的细菌最终会破坏宿主细胞。在这里，我们探讨了调节宿主细胞内共生体丰度的因素。我们专注于在果蝇的生殖细胞中自然携带的Wolbachia内共生体。具体来说，我们确定了饮食营养是否会影响雌性果蝇携带的沃尔巴克氏体细菌的数量。我们发现，酵母丰富的饮食强烈耗尽沃尔巴克氏体在苍蝇卵巢细胞。相比之下，富含蔗糖的饮食使卵巢细胞中的沃尔巴克氏体数量增加了一倍。此外，我们发现这种对饮食的反应是通过果蝇中高度保守的TORC 1和胰岛素信号通路介导的。最近的研究表明，宿主饮食显著影响肠道微生物的类型和丰度。我们的研究告知宿主饮食如何影响特定类型宿主细胞内的内共生细菌。
While a number of studies have identified host factors that influence endosymbiont titer, little is known concerning environmental influences on titer. Here we examined nutrient impact on maternally transmitted Wolbachia endosymbionts in Drosophila. We demonstrate that Drosophila reared on sucrose- and yeast-enriched diets exhibit increased and reduced Wolbachia titers in oogenesis, respectively. The yeast-induced Wolbachia depletion is mediated in large part by the somatic TOR and insulin signaling pathways. Disrupting TORC1 with the small molecule rapamycin dramatically increases oocyte Wolbachia titer, whereas hyper-activating somatic TORC1 suppresses oocyte titer. Furthermore, genetic ablation of insulin-producing cells located in the Drosophila brain abolished the yeast impact on oocyte titer. Exposure to yeast-enriched diets altered Wolbachia nucleoid morphology in oogenesis. Furthermore, dietary yeast increased somatic Wolbachia titer overall, though not in the central nervous system. These findings highlight the interactions between Wolbachia and germline cells as strongly nutrient-sensitive, and implicate conserved host signaling pathways by which nutrients influence Wolbachia titer. Many invertebrate organisms carry bacterial endosymbionts within their cells. In many cases, this ensures host access to resources provided by the endosymbionts, and reciprocally, a rich source of host-supplied nutrients supports bacterial growth and reproduction. However if bacterial reproduction is uncontrolled, an over-abundance of bacteria will ultimately destroy the host cell. Here we explore the factors that regulate endosymbiont abundance in host cells. We focused on Wolbachia endosymbionts that are carried naturally in the germ cells of fruit flies. Specifically, we determined whether dietary nutrients affect the amount of Wolbachia bacteria carried by female flies. We found that yeast-enriched diets strongly depleted Wolbachia in fly ovarian cells. By contrast, sucrose-enriched diets doubled the amount of Wolbachia in ovarian cells. In addition, we found that this response to diet is mediated through highly conserved TORC1 and insulin signaling pathways in the fly. Recent studies have revealed that host diet dramatically influences the types and abundance of gut microbes. Our study informs how host diet affects endosymbiotic bacteria housed within specific types of host cells.
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影响因子：
4.4
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通讯作者：
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