Illuminating microRNA Transcription from the Epigenome.

Illuminating microRNA Transcription from the Epigenome.
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DOI:
10.2174/138920213804999183
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发表时间:
2013-03
期刊:
影响因子:
2.6
通讯作者:
Sethupathy P
Sethupathy P
中科院分区:
生物学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sethupathy P

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细胞基因表达受到复杂的、多方面的调控相互作用网络的控制。在过去的十年中,microRNA (miRNA) 已成为该网络的关键组成部分。 miRNA 是小的非编码 RNA 分子,充当基因表达的转录后调节因子。尽管我们对 miRNA 介导的基因调控的理解已经取得了实质性进展,但控制 miRNA 本身表达的机制尚不清楚。确定控制 miRNA 表达的因素对于进一步表征 miRNA 在正常生理学和病理学中的功能至关重要。我们描述了绘制控制 miRNA 转录的基因组区域(例如启动子)的最新进展。我们特别强调大规模“-omic”数据的实用性,例如 ENCODE 和 NIH Roadmap Epigenomics 联盟提供的数据,用于发现控制 miRNA 表达的转录控制元件。最后,我们讨论了互补遗传数据集(例如 NHGRI 全基因组关联研究目录)的综合分析如何预测 miRNA 转录错误调控在复杂疾病病因学中的新作用。
Cellular gene expression is governed by a complex, multi-faceted network of regulatory interactions. In the last decade, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as critical components of this network. miRNAs are small, non-coding RNA molecules that serve as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. Although there has been substantive progress in our understanding of miRNA-mediated gene regulation, the mechanisms that control the expression of the miRNAs themselves are less well understood. Identifying the factors that control miRNA expression will be critical for further characterizing miRNA function in normal physiology and pathobiology. We describe recent progress in the efforts to map genomic regions that control miRNA transcription (such as promoters). In particular, we highlight the utility of large-scale “-omic” data, such as those made available by the ENCODE and the NIH Roadmap Epigenomics consortiums, for the discovery of transcriptional control elements that govern miRNA expression. Finally, we discuss how integrative analysis of complementary genetic datasets, such as the NHGRI Genome Wide Association Studies Catalog, can predict novel roles for transcriptional mis-regulation of miRNAs in complex disease etiology.
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