Working memory and bias in reasoning across the life span.
Working memory and bias in reasoning across the life span.
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整个生命周期的工作记忆和推理偏差。
DOI：
10.1037//0882-7974.9.3.356
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发表时间：
1994
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Judd,BB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gilinsky,AS;Judd,BB
本文研究了278名19 ~ 96岁成年人在晶体能力和流体能力方面的年龄差异。两个推理任务，评估和不同的复杂性和可信度的三段论的结论的建设，词汇测试，和3个任务的工作记忆管理。选定的推理任务的年龄相关的方差的大小，只有部分减少统计控制措施的工作记忆和词汇。另外，年龄对推理的影响与心理模型的数量和信念与逻辑冲突产生的偏见显著相关。一个显着的偏见，也被发现接受无效的三段论作为有效的，即使当内容是抽象的。这些逻辑错误的来源与Johnson-Laird（1983）的心理模型理论和Evans（1989）对人类推理中的偏见的解释有关。
Age differences in syllogistic reasoning in relation to crystallized and fluid ability were studied in 278 adults from 19 to 96 years of age. Two reasoning tasks, the evaluation and the construction of conclusions for syllogisms of varying complexity and believability, a vocabulary test, and 3 tasks of working memory were administered. The magnitude of age-related variance on selected reasoning tasks was only partially reduced by statistically controlling measures of both working memory and vocabulary. Additional age-related effects on reasoning were found to be significantly associated with number of mental models and bias produced by conflict between belief and logic. A significant bias was also found toward acceptance of invalid syllogisms as valid, even when contents were abstract. These sources of error in logic are discussed in relation to Johnson-Laird's (1983) theory of mental models and Evans's (1989) account of bias in human reasoning.
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DOI：
10.4324/9780203772850
发表时间：
1992-07
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
T. Salthouse
通讯作者：
T. Salthouse
形式三段论推理中的气氛效应。
影响因子：
--
作者：
R. Woodworth;S. B. Sells
通讯作者：
S. B. Sells
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
J. Morgan;J. T. Morton
通讯作者：
J. T. Morton
空间操纵能力的记忆和年龄差异。
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Salthouse,TA;Mitchell,DR;Palmon,R
通讯作者：
Palmon,R
晚年的价值判断和人格
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
A. Weir
通讯作者：
A. Weir