The Functions, Methods, and Mobility of Mitochondrial Transfer Between Cells.

The Functions, Methods, and Mobility of Mitochondrial Transfer Between Cells.
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线粒体在细胞间转移的功能、方法和流动性。

DOI:
10.3389/fonc.2021.672781
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
4.7
通讯作者:
Zhou Y
Zhou Y
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Qin Y;Jiang X;Yang Q;Zhao J;Zhou Q;Zhou Y

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线粒体是细胞中重要的细胞器,调节能量代谢和细胞凋亡。线粒体跨细胞转移在生理和病理条件下发挥着至关重要的作用,例如拯救受体细胞免受生物能量缺陷和肿瘤发生的影响。研究已经显示了几种进行线粒体跨细胞转移的结构,包括隧道纳米管(TNT)、细胞外囊泡(EV)和Cx43间隙连接(GJ)。线粒体的细胞内和细胞间转移由转运复合物驱动。线粒体Rho小G蛋白(MIRO)可能是连接转运复合物与线粒体的接头,肌球蛋白XIX是转运复合物的马达蛋白,参与线粒体通过TNT的跨细胞转运。本文就TNTs、EVs、GJs及其相关转运复合物在线粒体跨细胞转运中的作用以及TNTs和EVs的形成机制进行了详细的综述。本文综述了线粒体跨细胞转移的结构,为开发潜在的临床治疗方法提供了基础。
Mitochondria are vital organelles in cells, regulating energy metabolism and apoptosis. Mitochondrial transcellular transfer plays a crucial role during physiological and pathological conditions, such as rescuing recipient cells from bioenergetic deficit and tumorigenesis. Studies have shown several structures that conduct transcellular transfer of mitochondria, including tunneling nanotubes (TNTs), extracellular vesicles (EVs), and Cx43 gap junctions (GJs). The intra- and intercellular transfer of mitochondria is driven by a transport complex. Mitochondrial Rho small GTPase (MIRO) may be the adaptor that connects the transport complex with mitochondria, and myosin XIX is the motor protein of the transport complex, which participates in the transcellular transport of mitochondria through TNTs. In this review, the roles of TNTs, EVs, GJs, and related transport complexes in mitochondrial transcellular transfer are discussed in detail, as well as the formation mechanisms of TNTs and EVs. This review provides the basis for the development of potential clinical therapies targeting the structures of mitochondrial transcellular transfer.
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