Alteration of TAC1 expression in Prunus species leads to pleiotropic shoot phenotypes.
Alteration of TAC1 expression in Prunus species leads to pleiotropic shoot phenotypes.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41438-018-0034-1
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
8.7
通讯作者：
Dardick C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hollender CA;Waite JM;Tabb A;Raines D;Chinnithambi S;Dardick C
带有“支柱”或“多枝”性状（br）的桃（桃）树具有垂直定向的分支，这是由称为分蘖角度控制1（TAC 1）的基因的功能丧失突变引起的。TAC 1编码IGT基因家族中的蛋白质，该IGT基因家族包括LAZY 1和DEEPER ROOTING 1（DRO 1），其分别调节横向分支和根方向。在这里，我们发现，在六倍体李种李，它有一个自然的更直立的身材，一些本地的TAC 1等位基因，包含一个可变长度的三核苷酸重复相同的外显子3区域内，以前发现被破坏的支柱桃树。李中TAC1的RNAi沉默导致树具有与柱桃中的那些相似的严重垂直分支取向，但具有更窄的轮廓。相比之下，PpeTAC 1在李中的过表达导致树木具有更宽的分支角度和更多的水平分支方向。柱桃树和转基因李表现出多效表型，包括树干和分支直径，茎生长和扭曲分支表型的差异。柱桃树的表达谱显示与生物和非生物胁迫，激素反应，质体，活性氧，次生代谢和细胞壁代谢相关的许多基因的差异表达。总的来说，这些数据为理解TAC1功能提供了重要线索，并表明TAC1表达的改变可能对农业和观赏树木产业具有广泛的适用性。当TAC 1基因突变时，桃树和李树长得又高又细，可以在果园中更高密度地种植。具有“支柱”性状的桃树的树枝更多地“向上”而不是“向外”生长，从而减少了每棵树的足迹。西弗吉尼亚州阿巴拉契亚水果研究站的克里斯·达迪克和同事们先前将这种特性追溯到TAC 1的突变。然而，TAC1突变对其他物种树形的影响仍然知之甚少。Dardick及其同事研究了敲除桃树和李树中的TAC 1的影响。在这两个物种，树更窄，但果实产量不变。这两个物种还表现出其他影响，包括树干和分支厚度的差异，这些影响之间的桃和李。这些数据可能有助于培育更直立的果树，提高每英亩的水果产量。
Prunus persica (peach) trees carrying the “Pillar” or “Broomy” trait (br) have vertically oriented branches caused by loss-of-function mutations in a gene called TILLER ANGLE CONTROL 1 (TAC1). TAC1 encodes a protein in the IGT gene family that includes LAZY1 and DEEPER ROOTING 1 (DRO1), which regulate lateral branch and root orientations, respectively. Here we found that some of the native TAC1 alleles in the hexaploid plum species Prunus domestica, which has a naturally more upright stature, contained a variable length trinucleotide repeat within the same exon 3 region previously found to be disrupted in pillar peach trees. RNAi silencing of TAC1 in plum resulted in trees with severely vertical branch orientations similar to those in pillar peaches but with an even narrower profile. In contrast, PpeTAC1 overexpression in plum led to trees with wider branch angles and more horizontal branch orientations. Pillar peach trees and transgenic plum lines exhibited pleiotropic phenotypes, including differences in trunk and branch diameter, stem growth, and twisting branch phenotypes. Expression profiling of pillar peach trees revealed differential expression of numerous genes associated with biotic and abiotic stress, hormone responses, plastids, reactive oxygen, secondary, and cell wall metabolism. Collectively, the data provide important clues for understanding TAC1 function and show that alteration of TAC1 expression may have broad applicability to agricultural and ornamental tree industries. Peach and plum trees grow tall and slim when the TAC1 gene is mutated, permitting higher-density planting in orchards. Branches of peach trees with the “pillar” trait grow more “up” than “out”, reducing each tree’s footprint. Chris Dardick at the Appalachian Fruit Research Station in West Virginia and co-workers previously traced the trait to mutation of TAC1. However, the effects of TAC1 mutation on tree shape in other species remains poorly understood. Dardick and co-workers investigated the effects of knocking out TAC1 in peach and plum trees. In both species, trees were narrower, but fruit yield was unchanged. Both species also showed other effects, including differences in trunk and branch thickness; these effects differed between peach and plum. These data may help in breeding of more upright fruit trees, improving fruit yield per acre.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Ku L;Wei X;Zhang S;Zhang J;Guo S;Chen Y
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
7.2
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