Everyday attention and lecture retention: the effects of time, fidgeting, and mind wandering.
Everyday attention and lecture retention: the effects of time, fidgeting, and mind wandering.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00619
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Kingstone A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Farley J;Risko EF;Kingstone A
我们都有过思想偏离眼前任务的时候。新兴的具身认知文献强调了身体在人类思维中的作用，并提出了注意力集中的变化可能与身体行为的变化有关的可能性。最近的研究发现，当人们观看讲座时，走神会随着时间的推移而增加。在目前的研究中，我们询问这种在观看讲座时注意力下降是否与坐立不安有关。参与者在观看40分钟的讲座视频时被拍摄，并每隔5分钟对他们的注意力进行评级。讲座结束后，参与者对材料的记忆进行了评估。坐立不安的行为是从每次会议的视频记录编码。结果表明，注意力，并保留，讲座材料下降的功能任务上的时间。关键的是，正如预测的那样，坐立不安也随着任务时间的增加而增加。我们还发现，坐立不安和保留之间的关系是显着的，即使当注意力的作用被考虑到方程中，这表明坐立不安作出了独特的贡献，以保留讲座材料超过个人的注意力。我们提出了一个新的非注意力的压力为基础的帐户坐立不安，以及如何影响保留的讲座材料以上的变化水平在思想游荡相对于注意力的变化。
We have all had our thoughts wander from the immediate task at hand. The emerging embodied cognition literature emphasizes the role that the body plays in human thought, and raises the possibility that changes in attentional focus may be associated with changes in body behavior. Recent research has found that when individuals view a lecture, mind wandering increases as a function of time. In the present study we asked whether this decline in attention during lecture viewing was associated with fidgeting. Participants were filmed while they watched a 40-min lecture video, and at regular 5-min intervals provided ratings of their attentiveness. Following the lecture, participant's memory for the material was assessed. Fidgeting behavior was coded from video recordings of each session. Results indicated that attention to, and retention of, lecture material declined as a function of time on task. Critically, and as predicted, fidgeting also increased with time on task. We also found that the relation between fidgeting and retention was significant even when the role of attention was factored into the equation, suggesting that fidgeting makes a unique contribution to retention of lecture material over and above that contributed by an individual's attention. We propose a novel non-attentional stress-based account of fidgeting and how this impacts retention for lecture material over and above changes in levels in mind wandering vis-a-vis changes in attention.
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