Rapid formation and selective stabilization of synapses for enduring motor memories.
Rapid formation and selective stabilization of synapses for enduring motor memories.
复制标题
作者：
新的运动技能是通过反复练习来学习的，一旦获得，在训练停止后会持续很长时间。早期的研究已经表明，这种学习会导致初级运动皮层中突触功效的增加，其持续性与任务的保持有关。然而，运动学习如何影响单个突触水平的神经元回路，以及持久记忆如何在完整的大脑中进行结构编码仍然是未知的。在这里，我们展示了活老鼠大脑中的突触连接对运动技能学习的快速反应和永久性的重新连接。前肢伸展任务的训练导致对侧运动皮层的输出锥体神经元上突触后树突棘的快速（一小时内）形成。虽然选择性消除训练前存在的棘逐渐使整体棘密度恢复到原始水平，但在学习期间诱导的新棘在随后的训练期间优先稳定，并在训练停止后持续很长时间。此外，我们表明，不同的运动技能是由不同的突触编码。新的，但以前没有学习过的任务的实践进一步促进了成年期树突棘的形成。我们的研究结果表明，快速，但持久的，突触重组与运动学习密切相关。数据还表明，稳定的神经元连接是持久运动记忆的基础。
Novel motor skills are learned through repetitive practice and, once acquired, persist long after training stops. Earlier studies have shown that such learning induces an increase in the efficacy of synapses in the primary motor cortex, the persistence of which is associated with retention of the task. However, how motor learning affects neuronal circuitry at the level of individual synapses and how long-lasting memory is structurally encoded in the intact brain remain unknown. Here we show that synaptic connections in the living mouse brain rapidly respond to motor-skill learning and permanently rewire. Training in a forelimb reaching task leads to rapid (within an hour) formation of postsynaptic dendritic spines on the output pyramidal neurons in the contralateral motor cortex. Although selective elimination of spines that existed before training gradually returns the overall spine density back to the original level, the new spines induced during learning are preferentially stabilized during subsequent training and endure long after training stops. Furthermore, we show that different motor skills are encoded by different sets of synapses. Practice of novel, but not previously learned, tasks further promotes dendritic spine formation in adulthood. Our findings reveal that rapid, but long-lasting, synaptic reorganization is closely associated with motor learning. The data also suggest that stabilized neuronal connections are the foundation of durable motor memory.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Lendvai, B;Stern, EA;Svoboda, K
通讯作者：
Svoboda, K
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Harms, Kimberly J.;Rioult-Pedotti, Mengia S.;Dunaevsky, Anna
通讯作者：
Dunaevsky, Anna
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Engert, F;Bonhoeffer, T
通讯作者：
Bonhoeffer, T
影响因子：
5.1
作者：
Luft, AR;Buitrago, MM
通讯作者：
Buitrago, MM
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Rioult-Pedotti, M. -S.;Donoghue, J. P.;Dunaevsky, A.
通讯作者：
Dunaevsky, A.