Higher-order chromatin structure: bridging physics and biology.

Higher-order chromatin structure: bridging physics and biology.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.gde.2012.01.006
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发表时间:
2012-04
影响因子:
4
通讯作者:
Mirny, Leonid A.
Mirny, Leonid A.
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Fudenberg, Geoffrey;Mirny, Leonid A.

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显微镜和基因组学技术的最新进展为细胞核内染色质的空间组织提供了新的见解。特别是,染色体构象捕获数据凸显了高分子物理学与高级染色质组织的相关性。在这种情况下,我们回顾基本的聚合物状态,讨论如何从实验数据中确定一个合适的聚合物模型,并研究各种聚合物模型的高阶间期染色质组织的成功和局限性。通过考虑作用于染色质纤维的拓扑约束,最近开发的间期染色质的聚合物模型可以再现所观察到的基因组位点、染色体区域之间的距离的缩放,以及通过染色体构象捕获方法测量的位点之间的接触的概率。聚合物模型提供了一个框架,解释实验数据的整体构象,而不是收集的循环,将是至关重要的解开染色体组织的功能意义。
Recent advances in microscopy and genomic techniques have provided new insight into spatial chromatin organization inside of the nucleus. In particular, chromosome conformation capture data has highlighted the relevance of polymer physics for high-order chromatin organization. In this context, we review basic polymer states, discuss how an appropriate polymer model can be determined from experimental data, and examine the success and limitations of various polymer models of high-order interphase chromatin organization. By taking into account topological constraints acting on the chromatin fiber, recently-developed polymer models of interphase chromatin can reproduce the observed scaling of distances between genomic loci, chromosomal territories, and probabilities of contacts between loci measured by chromosome conformation capture methods. Polymer models provide a framework for the interpretation of experimental data as ensembles of conformations rather than collections of loops, and will be crucial for untangling functional implications of chromosomal organization.
α-珠蛋白基因结构域的三维折叠揭示了染色质球的形成。
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