Reassessing immune control of hepatitis A virus.

Reassessing immune control of hepatitis A virus.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.coviro.2015.01.003
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发表时间:
2015-04
影响因子:
5.9
通讯作者:
Lemon, Stanley M.
Lemon, Stanley M.
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Walker, Christopher M.;Feng, Zongdi;Lemon, Stanley M.

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甲型肝炎病毒(HAV)的发病机制和免疫在经历了2-30年的有限进展后,重新引起人们的兴趣。从公共卫生的角度来看,发展中国家的平均感染年龄增加了,导致了更严重的肝炎,这种肝炎在机制上很难理解。更根本的是,人们有兴趣比较甲型肝炎病毒和丙型肝炎病毒(丙型肝炎病毒)的免疫力:感染结果非常不同的小的正链RNA病毒。在这里,我们回顾了循环中的甲型肝炎病毒粒子被包裹在膜上的证据,结果是诱导先天免疫和抗体介导的中和。我们还考虑了CD4+辅助T细胞和CD8+细胞毒性T细胞在抗病毒免疫和肝损伤中的作用,并提出了甲型肝炎病毒感染的非细胞毒性免疫控制模型。
There is renewed interest in hepatitis A virus (HAV) pathogenesis and immunity after 2–3 decades of limited progress. From a public health perspective, the average age at infection has increased in developing countries, resulting in more severe hepatitis that is poorly understood mechanistically. More fundamentally, there is interest in comparing immunity to HAV and hepatitis C virus (HCV): small, positive-strand RNA viruses with very different infection outcomes. Here, we review evidence that circulating HAV virions are cloaked in membranes, with consequences for induction of innate immunity and antibody-mediated neutralization. We also consider the contribution of CD4+ helper versus CD8+ cytotoxic T cells to antiviral immunity and liver injury, and present a model of non-cytotoxic immune control of HAV infection.
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