SMUL-FFT: A Streaming Multiplierless Fast Fourier Transform

SMUL-FFT: A Streaming Multiplierless Fast Fourier Transform
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SMUL-FFT:流式无乘法器快速傅立叶变换

DOI:
10.1109/tcsii.2021.3064238
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Studer, Christoph
Studer, Christoph
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mirfarshbafan, Seyed Hadi;Taner, Sueda;Studer, Christoph

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波束空间处理是降低全数字毫米波(mmWave)大规模多输入多输出(MIMO)基站中的硬件复杂度的新兴范例。这种方法利用毫米波信道的稀疏性,但需要在天线阵列上进行空间离散傅立叶变换(DFT),这必须以基带采样率执行。为了减轻DFT硬件实现的瓶颈,我们提出了一个完全展开的流MultiplierLess(SMUL)快速傅立叶变换(FFT)引擎,每个时钟周期执行一个变换。所提出的SMUL-FFT架构通过将旋转因子限制为2的幂和来避免硬件乘法器,从而显著节省功率和面积。与最先进的FFT相比,我们采用65 nm CMOS的SMUL-FFT ASIC设计在能效和面积效率方面分别提高了45%和17%以上,而不会显著增加毫米波大规模MIMO系统的错误率。
Beamspace processing is an emerging paradigm to reduce hardware complexity in all-digital millimeter-wave (mmWave) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) basestations. This approach exploits sparsity of mmWave channels but requires spatial discrete Fourier transforms (DFTs) across the antenna array, which must be performed at the baseband sampling rate. To mitigate the resulting DFT hardware implementation bottleneck, we propose a fully-unrolled Streaming MUltiplierLess (SMUL) fast Fourier Transform (FFT) engine that performs one transform per clock cycle. The proposed SMUL-FFT architecture avoids hardware multipliers by restricting the twiddle factors to a sum-of-powers-of-two, resulting in substantial power and area savings. Compared to state-of-the-art FFTs, our SMUL-FFT ASIC designs in 65nm CMOS demonstrate more than 45% and 17% improvements in energy-efficiency and area-efficiency, respectively, without noticeably increasing the error-rate in mmWave massive MIMO systems.
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