Competition for water for the food system.

Competition for water for the food system.
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DOI:
10.1098/rstb.2010.0152
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发表时间:
2010-09-27
期刊:
Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Boehlert B
Boehlert B
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Strzepek K;Boehlert B

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尽管全球农业系统需要在未来几十年内为不断增长和富裕的人口提供更多粮食,但对水的需求不断增加以及气候变化的潜在影响对粮食系统构成了威胁。我们回顾了农业用水的主要威胁,并对市政和工业 (M&I) 用水需求、环境流量需求 (EFR) 和气候变化带来的供水变化的潜在影响进行了建模。我们的模型显示,到 2050 年,这些因素共同导致全球农业用水量减少 18%。要满足 EFR,可能需要流域年平均径流 50% 以上(具体取决于水位线),这对农业用水量构成了最大的威胁。接下来是 M&I 需求的增长,预计到 2050 年,人口和收入迅速增长的发展中国家的 M&I 需求将增长 200% 以上。气候变化会影响径流的时空分布,从而影响供给侧的可利用性。这些因素的综合影响在特定热点地区可能非常显着,其中包括北非、印度、中国、欧洲部分地区、美国西部和澳大利亚东部等。
Although the global agricultural system will need to provide more food for a growing and wealthier population in decades to come, increasing demands for water and potential impacts of climate change pose threats to food systems. We review the primary threats to agricultural water availability, and model the potential effects of increases in municipal and industrial (M&I) water demands, environmental flow requirements (EFRs) and changing water supplies given climate change. Our models show that, together, these factors cause an 18 per cent reduction in the availability of worldwide water for agriculture by 2050. Meeting EFRs, which can necessitate more than 50 per cent of the mean annual run-off in a basin depending on its hydrograph, presents the single biggest threat to agricultural water availability. Next are increases in M&I demands, which are projected to increase upwards of 200 per cent by 2050 in developing countries with rapidly increasing populations and incomes. Climate change will affect the spatial and temporal distribution of run-off, and thus affect availability from the supply side. The combined effect of these factors can be dramatic in particular hotspots, which include northern Africa, India, China, parts of Europe, the western US and eastern Australia, among others.
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期刊: Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences
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