Dimensions of global population projections: what do we know about future population trends and structures?

Dimensions of global population projections: what do we know about future population trends and structures?
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DOI:
10.1098/rstb.2010.0133
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发表时间:
2010-09-27
期刊:
Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
K C S
K C S
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lutz W;K C S

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到2050年,世界人口总数可能从目前的70亿增加到80亿至100亿。这种不确定性是因为世界不同地区未来的生育率和死亡率趋势未知。但是,人口的年轻年龄结构以及非洲和西亚大部分地区的生育率仍然很高的事实,几乎肯定会再增加至少10亿人。实际上,所有的增长都将发生在发展中国家。在世纪后半期,人口可能趋于稳定,并开始下降。除了未来的人口规模外,其按年龄、性别、教育程度和居住地的分布情况对研究未来的粮食安全具有特别重要的意义。该文件详细讨论了人口预测的不同相关方面,并评估了当前全球人口预测中使用的方法和假设,特别是联合国和系统分析所制定的方法和假设。
The total size of the world population is likely to increase from its current 7 billion to 8–10 billion by 2050. This uncertainty is because of unknown future fertility and mortality trends in different parts of the world. But the young age structure of the population and the fact that in much of Africa and Western Asia, fertility is still very high makes an increase by at least one more billion almost certain. Virtually, all the increase will happen in the developing world. For the second half of the century, population stabilization and the onset of a decline are likely. In addition to the future size of the population, its distribution by age, sex, level of educational attainment and place of residence are of specific importance for studying future food security. The paper provides a detailed discussion of different relevant dimensions in population projections and an evaluation of the methods and assumptions used in current global population projections and in particular those produced by the United Nations and by IIASA.
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