Immunohistological detection of Chlamydia pneumoniae in the Alzheimer's disease brain.
Immunohistological detection of Chlamydia pneumoniae in the Alzheimer's disease brain.
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2202-11-121
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发表时间：
2010-09-23
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Balin BJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hammond CJ;Hallock LR;Howanski RJ;Appelt DM;Little CS;Balin BJ
散发性迟发性阿尔茨海默病（AD）似乎是遗传和环境因素相互作用的结果。肺炎衣原体感染及其与迟发性疾病的关系是一个持续引起人们极大兴趣的环境因素。使用各种分子和组织学技术在临床和尸检样品中检测这种生物体已被证明具有挑战性。我们目前的研究利用免疫组织化学与一组市售的抗C。pneumoniae抗体，以确定是否C.肺炎杆菌存在于来自5个AD和5个非AD对照脑的通常与AD神经病理学相关的区域中。免疫反应性C.在AD脑的神经元、神经胶质细胞、内皮细胞和内皮周围细胞的细胞内，以及在具有多个C.肺炎特异性抗体。通过用两种不同的抗β淀粉样蛋白抗体进行免疫标记，在淀粉样蛋白沉积区域中观察到这种免疫反应性。硫磺素S染色，覆盖C. pneumoniae的免疫标记，证明生物体和淀粉样蛋白斑块没有直接共定位。此外，C. pneumoniae对AD脑切片的标记使用C. pneumoniae抗体针对淀粉样蛋白β 1-40和1-42肽预吸收。抗C pneumoniae抗体，商业上获得的，鉴定了典型的细胞内和非典型的细胞外C。肺炎抗原在AD脑的额叶和颞叶皮质中的表达。C.肺炎，淀粉样蛋白沉积和神经纤维缠结存在于大脑的相同区域中，彼此并置。尽管还需要更多的研究来最终确定AD脑中衣原体免疫反应性的性质，这些结果进一步暗示了C。肺炎感染与阿尔茨海默病的发病机制。
Sporadic late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) appears to evolve from an interplay between genetic and environmental factors. One environmental factor that continues to be of great interest is that of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and its association with late-onset disease. Detection of this organism in clinical and autopsy samples has proved challenging using a variety of molecular and histological techniques. Our current investigation utilized immunohistochemistry with a battery of commercially available anti-C. pneumoniae antibodies to determine whether C. pneumoniae was present in areas typically associated with AD neuropathology from 5 AD and 5 non-AD control brains. Immunoreactivity for C. pneumoniae antigens was observed both intracellularly in neurons, neuroglia, endothelial cells, and peri-endothelial cells, and extracellularly in the frontal and temporal cortices of the AD brain with multiple C. pneumoniae-specific antibodies. This immunoreactivity was seen in regions of amyloid deposition as revealed by immunolabeling with two different anti-beta amyloid antibodies. Thioflavin S staining, overlaid with C. pneumoniae immunolabeling, demonstrated no direct co-localization of the organism and amyloid plaques. Further, the specificity of C. pneumoniae labeling of AD brain sections was demonstrated using C. pneumoniae antibodies pre-absorbed against amyloid β 1-40 and 1-42 peptides. Anti-C. pneumoniae antibodies, obtained commercially, identified both typical intracellular and atypical extracellular C. pneumoniae antigens in frontal and temporal cortices of the AD brain. C. pneumoniae, amyloid deposits, and neurofibrillary tangles were present in the same regions of the brain in apposition to one another. Although additional studies are required to conclusively characterize the nature of Chlamydial immunoreactivity in the AD brain, these results further implicate C. pneumoniae infection with the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.
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DOI：
10.1084/jem.20020393
发表时间：
2002-12-16
期刊：
The Journal of experimental medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
Du C;Yao SY;Ljunggren-Rose A;Sriram S
通讯作者：
Sriram S
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0904532106
发表时间：
2010-02-02
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Friedrich, Ralf P.;Tepper, Katharina;Faendrich, Marcus
通讯作者：
Faendrich, Marcus
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Boelen, Ellen;Steinbusch, Harry W. M.;Stassen, Frank R. M.
通讯作者：
Stassen, Frank R. M.
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Bishop, GM;Robinson, SR
通讯作者：
Robinson, SR
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Itzhaki, RE;Wozniak, MA;Balin, B
通讯作者：
Balin, B