Evolution and ecophysiology of the industrial producer Hypocrea jecorina (Anamorph Trichoderma reesei) and a new sympatric agamospecies related to it.
Evolution and ecophysiology of the industrial producer Hypocrea jecorina (Anamorph Trichoderma reesei) and a new sympatric agamospecies related to it.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0009191
复制
发表时间：
2010-02-12
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Kubicek CP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Druzhinina IS;Komoń-Zelazowska M;Atanasova L;Seidl V;Kubicek CP
里氏木霉（Trichoderma reesei）是一种有丝分裂孢子绿色霉菌，在二战期间基于来自所罗门群岛的单一分离株被认识到，此后在工业中用于生产纤维素酶。它被认为是一个无性型（无性阶段）的常见泛热带子囊菌肉座菌jecorina。本研究结合分子进化分析和多种表型分析方法，旨在揭示T. reesei到H. jecorina。结果表明，以前鉴定为H.通过形态生理学和ITS 1和ITS 2（rRNA基因簇）条形码，jecorina实际上包括几个物种：i）H. jecorina/T. reesei sensu stricto，其中包含在枯木上发现的大多数有性阶段（有性阶段）和T. reesei QM 6a; ii）T. parareesei nom. prov.，其中包含从土壤中分离的无性型菌株; iii）和另外两个假设的新物种，其中只有一个或两个分离物可用。重组和体外交配实验揭示了H. jecorina和T. parareesei nom. prov.这两个物种的分离株在全世界的泛热带气候带中一直存在。生理生态比较H. jecorina和T. parareesei nom. prov.在碳源利用、分生孢子强度、光敏感性和重寄生性等方面存在显著差异，表明该菌对不同生态位的适应性具有很高的机会潜力。parareesei nom. prov.我们的数据证明T. reesei属于全形型H。jecorina并展示了全球基因流动的历史。我们还表明，其最近的遗传邻居- T。parareesei nom. prov.，是一个隐藏的系统发育的无性种，栖息在同一地理区。因此，这两个物种提供了一个迄今为止罕见的例子，同域物种内腐养真菌，不同的生态生理适应和生殖策略。
Trichoderma reesei, a mitosporic green mould, was recognized during the WW II based on a single isolate from the Solomon Islands and since then used in industry for production of cellulases. It is believed to be an anamorph (asexual stage) of the common pantropical ascomycete Hypocrea jecorina. We combined molecular evolutionary analysis and multiple methods of phenotype profiling in order to reveal the genetic relationship of T. reesei to H. jecorina. The resulting data show that the isolates which were previously identified as H. jecorina by means of morphophysiology and ITS1 and 2 (rRNA gene cluster) barcode in fact comprise several species: i) H. jecorina/T. reesei sensu stricto which contains most of the teleomorphs (sexual stages) found on dead wood and the wild-type strain of T. reesei QM 6a; ii) T. parareesei nom. prov., which contains all strains isolated as anamorphs from soil; iii) and two other hypothetical new species for which only one or two isolates are available. In silico tests for recombination and in vitro mating experiments revealed a history of sexual reproduction for H. jecorina and confirmed clonality for T. parareesei nom. prov. Isolates of both species were consistently found worldwide in pantropical climatic zone. Ecophysiological comparison of H. jecorina and T. parareesei nom. prov. revealed striking differences in carbon source utilization, conidiation intensity, photosensitivity and mycoparasitism, thus suggesting adaptation to different ecological niches with the high opportunistic potential for T. parareesei nom. prov. Our data prove that T. reesei belongs to a holomorph H. jecorina and displays a history of worldwide gene flow. We also show that its nearest genetic neighbour - T. parareesei nom. prov., is a cryptic phylogenetic agamospecies which inhabits the same biogeographic zone. These two species thus provide a so far rare example of sympatric speciation within saprotrophic fungi, with divergent ecophysiological adaptations and reproductive strategies.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Dettman, JR;Jacobson, DJ;Taylor, JW
通讯作者：
Taylor, JW
DOI：
10.1007/bf00500103
发表时间：
1981-01-01
期刊：
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
KUBICEK, CP
通讯作者：
KUBICEK, CP
影响因子：
6.8
作者：
AKAIKE, H
通讯作者：
AKAIKE, H
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Friedl, Martina A.;Schmoll, Monika;Druzhinina, Irina S.
通讯作者：
Druzhinina, Irina S.
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Chaverri, P;Castlebury, LA;Geiser, DM
通讯作者：
Geiser, DM