Cognition and Brain Activation in Response to Various Doses of Caffeine: A Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study
Cognition and Brain Activation in Response to Various Doses of Caffeine: A Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study
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对不同剂量咖啡因的认知和大脑激活：一项近红外光谱研究
DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01393
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发表时间：
2020-07
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Zheng Xinyan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang Bin;Liu Ying;Wang Xiaochun;Deng Yuqin;Zheng Xinyan
咖啡因被广泛用于提高运动成绩，有人认为它通过刺激大脑对认知产生积极影响。然而，迄今为止还没有发表的研究探讨了摄入不同剂量的咖啡因通过皮质血流动力学对大脑活动的影响。本交叉双盲研究的目的是研究低、中、高剂量咖啡因摄入对认知能力和大脑活动的影响。10名健康男性受试者摄入安慰剂或咖啡因（3,6或9mg /kg体重）。在摄入咖啡因前和摄入咖啡因后60分钟，采用Stroop任务评估各治疗条件的效果。评估对一致和不一致刺激的反应时间（RT）和准确性。通过近红外光谱测量氧合血红蛋白（HbO）水平，作为大脑认知活动的指标。4 × 2混合方差分析显示，在不一致和一致条件下，RT均存在显著的交互效应（P < 0.01, pη = 0.384; P < 0.05, pη = 0.259; P < 0.05, pη = 0.309）。3和6mg /kg的咖啡因摄取量都显著降低了对不一致刺激的RT。唯一能降低一致刺激下RT反应的咖啡因剂量是3 mg/kg。任何剂量的咖啡因都不会影响对不一致或一致刺激的反应准确性。在相同刺激条件下，摄入3 mg/kg咖啡因可显著提高大鼠背外侧前额叶皮层、额极区、腹外侧前额叶皮层的平均HbO （P < 0.01, pη = 0.319; P < 0.05, pη = 0.263; P < 0.05, pη = 0.259）。在不一致刺激条件下，所研究的咖啡因剂量均未影响HbO。摄入低剂量咖啡因对认知和大脑活动的影响比中等和高剂量咖啡因更大，这表明低剂量咖啡因可能是增强执行功能和前额叶活动的选择性补充。
Caffeine, which is widely used for enhancing athletic performance, has been suggested to have a positive impact on cognition via stimulating the brain. However, no study published to date has explored the effects of different doses of caffeine ingestion on brain activation via cortical hemodynamics. The purpose of the present crossover, double-blind study was to investigate the effects of low, moderate, and high doses of caffeine ingestion on cognitive performance and brain activation. Ten healthy male subjects ingested placebo or caffeine (3, 6, or 9 mg/kg body mass). The effects of each treatment condition were evaluated by Stroop tasks before and 60 min after the ingestion of caffeine. Reaction time (RT) and accuracy of responses to congruent and incongruent stimuli were assessed. As an index of brain activation with cognition, levels of oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO) were measured via near-infrared spectroscopy. A 4 × 2 mixed ANOVA revealed that there were significant interaction effects for RT in both incongruent and congruent conditions (P < 0.01, Pη2 = 0.384; P < 0.05, Pη2 = 0.259; and P < 0.05, Pη2 = 0.309). Both 3 and 6 mg/kg of caffeine ingestion significantly decreased RT to incongruent stimuli. The only dose of caffeine to decrease RT in response to congruent stimuli was 3 mg/kg. None of the doses of caffeine administered affected accuracy of responses to incongruent or congruent stimuli. Under the congruent stimulus condition, ingestion of 3 mg/kg of caffeine significantly increased mean HbO in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, frontal pole area, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (P < 0.01, Pη2 = 0.319; P < 0.05, Pη2 = 0.263; and P < 0.05, Pη2 = 0.259, respectively). None of the doses of caffeine investigated affected HbO under the incongruent stimulus condition. Ingestion of low-dose caffeine has greater effects on cognition and brain activation than moderate and high doses of caffeine, suggesting that low-dose caffeine may be a selective supplement in enhancing executive function and prefrontal activities.
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