Nicotine affects ethanol-conditioned taste, but not place, aversion in a simultaneous conditioning procedure.
Nicotine affects ethanol-conditioned taste, but not place, aversion in a simultaneous conditioning procedure.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.alcohol.2018.02.005
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发表时间：
2018-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Meyer PJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Loney GC;Pautassi RM;Kapadia D;Meyer PJ
乙醇引起的条件性味觉厌恶(CTA)是限制乙醇摄入的关键因素。尼古丁是一种与乙醇共同消耗的药物，它可能通过调节乙醇的无条件效应或通过破坏乙醇与其相关线索之间的联系来减少这种厌恶。这项研究分析了亚慢性尼古丁暴露的Long Evans大鼠的酒精诱导的CTA和条件性位置厌恶(CPA)。大鼠在条件化训练前(3、4、5天)和条件反射天时给予尼古丁(0.0或0.4 mg/kg)3次。在条件反射过程中，大鼠在给予酒精(1.3g/kg)之前和之后分别给予味觉(氯化钠)和触觉(杆状或洞底)条件刺激(CS+)。在CS−条件反射日，给予大鼠交通工具，并暴露于不同的刺激。随后进行了三次CTA和CPA测试。结果发现，尼古丁可降低乙醇诱导的CTA和增强运动活动，但不能显著改变乙醇诱导的CPA的大小。尼古丁对CTA的影响是在条件作用和测试过程中观察到的，并且是对氯化钠CS+的专一性，对水的反应性没有影响。尼古丁对乙醇诱导的CTA和CPA的影响之间的分离表明，尼古丁不会通过增加乙醇的积极奖励作用来改变乙醇的动机特性；也不会削弱对这种药物的所有厌恶反应。相反，尼古丁可能会通过破坏这种特定形式的联想学习的神经基础来阻止乙醇诱导的CTA。
The conditioned taste aversion (CTA) induced by ethanol is a key factor limiting ethanol intake. Nicotine, a drug co-consumed with ethanol, may decrease this aversion by modulating the unconditioned effects of ethanol or by disrupting the association between ethanol and its associated cues. This study analyzed ethanol-induced CTA and conditioned place aversion (CPA) in Long Evans rats with sub-chronic exposure to nicotine. The rats were treated with nicotine (0.0 or 0.4 mg/kg) three times before conditioning (on lickometer training sessions three, four and five) and across conditioning days. During the conditioning the rats were given ethanol (1.3 g/kg) preceded and followed by presentation of a taste (NaCl) and tactile (rod or hole floors) conditioned stimuli (CS+), respectively. On CS− conditioning days, the rats were given vehicle and exposed to alternative stimuli. Three CTA and CPA testing sessions were then conducted. It was found that nicotine reduced ethanol-induced CTA and enhanced locomotor activity, but did not significantly modify the magnitude of ethanol-induced CPA. The effects of nicotine on CTA were observed during both conditioning and testing sessions, and were specific to the NaCl CS+, having no effect on reactivity to water. The dissociation between the effect of nicotine on ethanol-induced CTA and CPA suggests that nicotine does not alter ethanol’s motivational properties by generally increasing its positive rewarding effects; nor does it blunt all aversive-like responding to this drug. Instead, nicotine may impede ethanol-induced CTA induced by ethanol by disrupting the neural underpinnings of this specific form of associative learning.
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影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Obernier, JA;White, AM;Crews, FT
通讯作者：
Crews, FT
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
HOLDER, MD;YIRMIYA, R;RAIZER, J
通讯作者：
RAIZER, J
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Kunin, D;Latendresse, MW;Amit, Z
通讯作者：
Amit, Z
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Loney, Gregory C.;Blonde, Ginger D.;Spector, Alan C.
通讯作者：
Spector, Alan C.
DOI：
10.1097/01.alc.0000183007.65998.aa
发表时间：
2005-10-01
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Doremus, TL;Brunell, SC;Spear, LP
通讯作者：
Spear, LP