Cardiovascular risk profile: cross-sectional analysis of motivational determinants, physical fitness and physical activity.
Cardiovascular risk profile: cross-sectional analysis of motivational determinants, physical fitness and physical activity.
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2458-10-592
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发表时间：
2010-10-07
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Vanhees L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sassen B;Kok G;Schaalma H;Kiers H;Vanhees L
心血管风险因素与身体健康有关，在较小程度上与身体活动有关。应扩大旨在增强体质以减少心血管疾病风险的生活方式干预措施。为了对有心血管危险因素的人进行有效的生活方式干预，我们研究了从计划行为理论（TPB）和其他相关社会心理学理论中得出的动机、社会认知决定因素，以及身体活动和身体健康。在乌得勒支警察生活方式干预健身和训练（UP-LIFT）研究中，1298名员工（18至62岁）被要求完成关于社会认知变量和身体活动的在线问卷。测量心血管危险因素和身体健康（峰值VO2）。对于有一种或多种心血管危险因素的人（占总人口的78.7%），社会认知变量占每天进行60分钟体育活动意愿方差的39% （p < 0.001）。参与体育活动意愿的重要相关因素是态度（β = 0.225, p < 0.001）、自我效能感（β = 0.271, p < 0.001）、描述规范（β = 0.172, p < 0.001）和障碍（β = - 0.169, p < 0.01）。社会认知变量占运动行为（每天运动60分钟）方差的52% （p < 0.001）。参与体育活动的意向（beta = .469, p < .001）和自我效能感（beta = .243, p < .001）依次是体育活动行为的重要相关因素。除了预测参与体育活动的意愿和体育活动行为外，我们还探讨了体育活动强度的影响。体力活动强度仅与体力活动行为显著相关（beta = 0.253, p < 0.01, R2 = 0.06, p < 0.001）。本研究的一个重要目的是探讨身体健康、身体活动强度与社会认知变量之间的关系。身体健康（R2 = .23, p < .001）与身体活动行为（beta = .180, p < .01）、自我效能感（beta = .180, p < .01）和身体活动强度（beta = .238, p < .01）呈正相关。对于有一种或多种心血管危险因素的人来说，39.9%的人有积极参加体育活动的意愿，同时也积极参加体育活动，10.5%的人有低意愿但积极参加体育活动。37.7%的人意愿低且缺乏运动，约11.9%的人意愿高但缺乏运动。这项研究通过证明身体健康和社会认知变量之间的重要联系，有助于我们优化心血管风险概况的能力。身体健康可以通过身体活动行为、自我效能感和身体活动强度来预测，后者通过身体活动行为来预测。身体活动行为可以通过意向、自我效能、描述性规范和障碍来预测。参与体育活动的意向受态度、自我效能、描述性规范和障碍的影响。对于有一种或多种心血管风险因素的人来说，改变生活方式的一个重要因素是，大约40%的人想要参加体育活动的意愿与他们实际的体育活动行为相符。
Cardiovascular risk factors are associated with physical fitness and, to a lesser extent, physical activity. Lifestyle interventions directed at enhancing physical fitness in order to decrease the risk of cardiovascular diseases should be extended. To enable the development of effective lifestyle interventions for people with cardiovascular risk factors, we investigated motivational, social-cognitive determinants derived from the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and other relevant social psychological theories, next to physical activity and physical fitness. In the cross-sectional Utrecht Police Lifestyle Intervention Fitness and Training (UP-LIFT) study, 1298 employees (aged 18 to 62) were asked to complete online questionnaires regarding social-cognitive variables and physical activity. Cardiovascular risk factors and physical fitness (peak VO2) were measured. For people with one or more cardiovascular risk factors (78.7% of the total population), social-cognitive variables accounted for 39% (p < .001) of the variance in the intention to engage in physical activity for 60 minutes every day. Important correlates of intention to engage in physical activity were attitude (beta = .225, p < .001), self-efficacy (beta = .271, p < .001), descriptive norm (beta = .172, p < .001) and barriers (beta = -.169, p < .01). Social-cognitive variables accounted for 52% (p < .001) of the variance in physical active behaviour (being physical active for 60 minutes every day). The intention to engage in physical activity (beta = .469, p < .001) and self-efficacy (beta = .243, p < .001) were, in turn, important correlates of physical active behavior. In addition to the prediction of intention to engage in physical activity and physical active behavior, we explored the impact of the intensity of physical activity. The intentsity of physical activity was only significantly related to physical active behavior (beta = .253, p < .01, R2 = .06, p < .001). An important goal of our study was to investigate the relationship between physical fitness, the intensity of physical activity and social-cognitive variables. Physical fitness (R2 = .23, p < .001) was positively associated with physical active behavior (beta = .180, p < .01), self-efficacy (beta = .180, p < .01) and the intensity of physical activity (beta = .238, p < .01). For people with one or more cardiovascular risk factors, 39.9% had positive intentions to engage in physical activity and were also physically active, and 10.5% had a low intentions but were physically active. 37.7% had low intentions and were physically inactive, and about 11.9% had high intentions but were physically inactive. This study contributes to our ability to optimize cardiovascular risk profiles by demonstrating an important association between physical fitness and social-cognitive variables. Physical fitness can be predicted by physical active behavior as well as by self-efficacy and the intensity of physical activity, and the latter by physical active behavior. Physical active behavior can be predicted by intention, self-efficacy, descriptive norms and barriers. Intention to engage in physical activity by attitude, self-efficacy, descriptive norms and barriers. An important input for lifestyle changes for people with one or more cardiovascular risk factors was that for ca. 40% of the population the intention to engage in physical activity was in line with their actual physical active behavior.
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DOI：
10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-t
发表时间：
1991-12-01
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
AJZEN, I
通讯作者：
AJZEN, I
影响因子：
120.7
作者：
Church, Timothy S.;Earnest, Conrad P.;Blair, Steven N.
通讯作者：
Blair, Steven N.
影响因子：
8.3
作者：
Cornelissen, VA;Fagard, RH
通讯作者：
Fagard, RH
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Halbert, JA;Silagy, CA;Hamdorf, PA
通讯作者：
Hamdorf, PA
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Hu, Gang;Lakka, Timo A.;Tuomilehto, Jaakko
通讯作者：
Tuomilehto, Jaakko