Prenatal and postnatal cocaine exposure predict teen cocaine use.

Prenatal and postnatal cocaine exposure predict teen cocaine use.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.ntt.2010.06.011
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发表时间:
2011-01
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
Sokol, Robert J.
Sokol, Robert J.
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Delaney-Black, Virginia;Chiodo, Lisa M.;Hannigan, John H.;Greenwald, Mark K.;Janisse, James;Patterson, Grace;Huestis, Marilyn A.;Partridge, Robert T.;Ager, Joel;Sokol, Robert J.

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临床前研究已经确定了产前暴露后青少年后代可卡因和酒精自我给药和对药理学挑战的行为反应的改变。到目前为止,还没有发表的人类研究评估产前可卡因暴露和产后青少年可卡因使用之间的关系。对产前可卡因暴露儿童的人类研究也注意到,青少年和年轻人以前与药物使用/滥用有关的行为增加,特别是儿童和青少年的外化行为,冲动和注意力问题。尽管有这些发现,人类研究还没有解决以前的产前暴露作为一个潜在的预测青少年吸毒行为。本研究的目的是评估产前可卡因暴露和青少年可卡因使用之间的关系,在一个前瞻性的纵向队列(n = 316),允许广泛的控制儿童,父母和社区的危险因素。Logistic回归分析和结构方程模型显示,产前暴露和产后父母/照顾者可卡因的使用是唯一相关的青少年使用可卡因在14岁。青少年社区暴力暴露和照顾者的消极性也直接预测青少年可卡因的使用,并与青少年社区药物暴露间接相关。这些数据进一步证明了产前接触、家庭和社区因素在青少年/年轻成人药物滥用/使用的代际传递中的重要性。
Preclinical studies have identified alterations in cocaine and alcohol self-administration and behavioral responses to pharmacological challenges in adolescent offspring following prenatal exposure. To date, no published human studies have evaluated the relation between prenatal cocaine exposure and postnatal adolescent cocaine use. Human studies of prenatal cocaine-exposed children have also noted an increase in behaviors previously associated with substance use/abuse in teens and young adults, specifically childhood and teen externalizing behaviors, impulsivity, and attention problems. Despite these findings, human research has not addressed prior prenatal exposure as a potential predictor of teen drug use behavior. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relations between prenatal cocaine exposure and teen cocaine use in a prospective longitudinal cohort (n = 316) that permitted extensive control for child, parent and community risk factors. Logistic regression analyses and Structural Equation Modeling revealed that both prenatal exposure and postnatal parent/caregiver cocaine use were uniquely related to teen use of cocaine at age 14 years. Teen cocaine use was also directly predicted by teen community violence exposure and caregiver negativity, and was indirectly related to teen community drug exposure. These data provide further evidence of the importance of prenatal exposure, family and community factors in the intergenerational transmission of teen/young adult substance abuse/use.
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作者:
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