Dynamics of symbiont-mediated antibiotic production reveal efficient long-term protection for beewolf offspring.
Dynamics of symbiont-mediated antibiotic production reveal efficient long-term protection for beewolf offspring.
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共生型介导的抗生素产生的动力学揭示了对贝沃夫后代的有效长期保护。
DOI：
10.1186/1742-9994-10-3
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发表时间：
2013-01-31
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Kaltenpoth M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Koehler S;Doubský J;Kaltenpoth M
昆虫已经进化出一系列机制来保护自己和后代免受拮抗剂的侵害。这些策略之一涉及利用共生细菌提供的抗微生物化合物来保护宿主或其营养资源免受病原体和寄生虫的侵害。在单掘地蜂Philanthus triangulum（Hypltera，Crabronidae）的共生中，细菌共生体“Philanthus Streptomyces philanthi”通过在茧表面产生至少9种抗菌物质的混合物来保护发育中的幼虫免受病原体的侵害。这种抗生素鸡尾酒抑制了广泛的有害真菌和细菌的生长，从而显着提高后代的生存概率。在这里，我们表明，由蜂狼共生体的抗菌化合物的生产仅限于茧纺后的前两个星期，导致高浓度的杀粉蝶菌素和链氯菌素的茧表面上。管家，孢子形成和抗生素生物合成基因的表达谱表明，抗生素的生产与形态分化相吻合，使共生体生存的营养有限的条件下的蜂狼茧。在蜂狼冬眠的整个过程中，这些抗生素物质在茧表面保持稳定，这表明这些化合物对环境的影响具有抵抗力。蜂狼共生体的抗生素生产作为一个可靠的保护黄蜂后代免受病原微生物在长期和不可预测的发展阶段在地下育雏细胞。因此，蜜蜂-链霉菌共生提供了在自然环境中作为有效防御的抗生素的一个罕见的例子，并可能有助于设计新的策略，用于在人类医学中利用抗生素组合疗法对抗日益耐药的细菌和真菌病原体。
Insects have evolved a wide range of mechanisms to defend themselves and their offspring against antagonists. One of these strategies involves the utilization of antimicrobial compounds provided by symbiotic bacteria to protect the host or its nutritional resources from pathogens and parasites. In the symbiosis of the solitary digger wasp, Philanthus triangulum (Hymenoptera, Crabronidae), the bacterial symbiont ‘Candidatus Streptomyces philanthi’ defends the developing larvae against pathogens by producing a mixture of at least nine antimicrobial substances on the cocoon surface. This antibiotic cocktail inhibits the growth of a broad range of detrimental fungi and bacteria, thereby significantly enhancing the offspring’s survival probability. Here we show that the production of antimicrobial compounds by the beewolf symbionts is confined to the first two weeks after cocoon spinning, leading to a high concentration of piericidins and streptochlorin on the cocoon surface. Expression profiling of housekeeping, sporulation, and antibiotic biosynthesis genes indicates that antibiotic production coincides with morphological differentiation that enables the symbionts to survive the nutrient-limited conditions on the beewolf cocoon. The antibiotic substances remain stable on the cocoon surface for the entire duration of the beewolf’s hibernation period, demonstrating that the compounds are resistant against environmental influences. The antibiotic production by the beewolf symbionts serves as a reliable protection for the wasp offspring against pathogenic microorganisms during the long and unpredictable developmental phase in the subterranean brood cells. Thus, the beewolf-Streptomyces symbiosis provides one of the rare examples of antibiotics serving as an efficient defense in the natural environment and may aid in devising new strategies for the utilization of antibiotic combination therapies in human medicine against increasingly resistant bacterial and fungal pathogens.
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影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Currie, CR;Scott, JA;Malloch, D
通讯作者：
Malloch, D
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
de Souza DJ;Bézier A;Depoix D;Drezen JM;Lenoir A
通讯作者：
Lenoir A
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1934677100
发表时间：
2003-11-25
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Challis, GL;Hopwood, DA
通讯作者：
Hopwood, DA
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Amdam, GV;Hartfelder, K;Omholt, SW
通讯作者：
Omholt, SW
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
BONNER, DP;MECHLINSKI, W;SCHAFFNER, CP
通讯作者：
SCHAFFNER, CP