Professional diversity and the productivity of cities.

Professional diversity and the productivity of cities.
复制标题

DOI:
10.1038/srep05393
复制
发表时间:
2014-06-23
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Youn H
Youn H
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bettencourt LM;Samaniego H;Youn H

文献摘要

参考文献

被引文献

相似文献

由于描述复杂系统的分类法依赖于方案的性质,理解多样性、生产力和规模之间关系的努力仍然有限。我们分析了美国大都市地区的多样性,在职业多样性和就业方面,以显示这种频率分布如何采取普遍的尺度不变的形式,常见的所有城市,在无限分辨率的职业分类的限制。我们表明,这一限制是在一般条件下,从分析的职业频率的变化,在不同的分辨率分类在统计物理系统中的有限尺寸缩放的方式类似。我们提出了一个理论框架,得出的形式和参数的限制分布的专业的基础上出现,在城市社交网络,新的职业作为专业化和协调的劳动力。通过推导出独立于分类方案的功能多样性指标,并将城市建模为嵌入基础设施空间的社交网络,这些结果表明,劳动分工和协调的标准经济论点如何在城市中得到详细阐述,并为解释在整个大都市区水平上观察到的人口规模收益增加提供了微观基础。
Attempts to understand the relationship between diversity, productivity and scale have remained limited due to the scheme-dependent nature of the taxonomies describing complex systems. We analyze the diversity of US metropolitan areas in terms of profession diversity and employment to show how this frequency distribution takes a universal scale-invariant form, common to all cities, in the limit of infinite resolution of occupational taxonomies. We show that this limit is obtained under general conditions that follow from the analysis of the variation of the occupational frequency across taxonomies at different resolutions in a way analogous to finite-size scaling in statistical physical systems. We propose a theoretical framework that derives the form and parameters of the limiting distribution of professions based on the appearance, in urban social networks, of new occupations as the result of specialization and coordination of labor. By deriving classification scheme-independent measures of functional diversity and modeling cities as social networks embedded in infrastructural space, these results show how standard economic arguments of division and coordination of labor can be articulated in detail in cities and provide a microscopic basis for explaining increasing returns to population scale observed at the level of entire metropolitan areas.
DOI: 10.1080/0042098002104
发表时间: 2000-03-01
期刊: URBAN STUDIES
影响因子: 4.7
作者:
Duranton, G;Puga, D
通讯作者: Puga, D
DOI: 10.1126/science.1235823
发表时间: 2013-06-21
期刊: SCIENCE
影响因子: 56.9
作者:
Bettencourt, Luis M. A.
通讯作者: Bettencourt, Luis M. A.
DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-0297.2012.02518.x
发表时间: 2012-09-01
期刊: ECONOMIC JOURNAL
影响因子: 3.2
作者:
Hsu, Wen-Tai
通讯作者: Hsu, Wen-Tai
DOI: 10.1126/science.1144581
发表时间: 2007-07-27
期刊: SCIENCE
影响因子: 56.9
作者:
Hidalgo, C. A.;Klinger, B.;Hausmann, R.
通讯作者: Hausmann, R.
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0900943106
发表时间: 2009-06-30
影响因子: 11.1
作者:
Hidalgo, Cesar A.;Hausmann, Ricardo
通讯作者: Hausmann, Ricardo