Biological Involvement of MicroRNAs in Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy.

Biological Involvement of MicroRNAs in Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy.
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DOI:
10.1167/tvst.6.4.5
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发表时间:
2017-07
影响因子:
3
通讯作者:
Terasaki H
Terasaki H
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kaneko H;Terasaki H

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尽管玻璃体切割术及其相关设备的进步为视网膜脱离和增生性玻璃体视网膜病变(PVR)提供了较高的手术成功率,但对PVR的发病机制和治疗仍存在一定的问题。视网膜色素上皮(RPE)细胞的上皮-间充质转化(EMT)是PVR发生的重要生物学事件之一。MicroRNAs是一种非编码、小的单链RNAs,在转录后调节基因表达,在许多疾病的动态平衡和发病机制中发挥重要作用。最近,microRNAs在许多组织和细胞的EMT中也发挥了关键作用。这篇简短的综述的一个主要目的是描述从microRNA研究中获得的知识,特别是关于玻璃体视网膜疾病的知识。此外,还描述了microRNAs通过调节RPE细胞中的EMT来预防PVR的潜在作用。了解microRNA在PVR中的参与情况,有助于开发新的生物标志物或治疗靶点,降低PVR所致视力障碍的发生率。
Even with a high surgical success rate for retinal detachment and proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) supported by the robust improvement in vitrectomy surgery and its related devices, certain questions still remain for the pathogenesis and treatment of PVR. One of the important biological events in PVR is epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) of the retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. MicroRNAs are noncoding, small, single-strand RNAs that posttranscriptionally regulate gene expression and have essential roles in homeostasis and pathogenesis in many diseases. Recently, microRNAs also had a critical role in EMT in many tissues and cells. One main purpose of this brief review is to describe the knowledge obtained from microRNA research, especially concerning vitreoretinal diseases. In addition, the potential role of microRNAs in prevention of PVR by regulating EMT in RPE cells is described. Understanding microRNA involvement in PVR could be helpful for developing new biological markers or therapeutic targets and reducing the rate of visual disability due to PVR.
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