Gut Bacterial and Fungal Communities of the Wild and Laboratory-Reared Thitarodes Larvae, Host of the Chinese Medicinal Fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis on Tibetan Plateau.
Gut Bacterial and Fungal Communities of the Wild and Laboratory-Reared Thitarodes Larvae, Host of the Chinese Medicinal Fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis on Tibetan Plateau.
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青藏高原野生和实验室饲养的中药用真菌冬虫夏草的宿主Thitarodes幼虫的肠道细菌和真菌群落
DOI：
10.3390/insects12040327
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发表时间：
2021-04-07
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Han R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu G;Zheng X;Long H;Rao Z;Cao L;Han R
简介鬼蛾，Thitarodes sp.，是青藏高原上最珍贵的真菌中华蛇孢菌的专性寄主。模拟野生虫草产地环境，实现了鬼蛾的低空实验室人工饲养。然而，病原菌对鬼蛾幼虫的致死率高，感染率低且慢，O。但仍制约着中国虫草的高效栽培。无论是幼虫肠道微生物群和他们的开发在Thitarodes人工饲养系统吸引了新的兴趣。在本研究中，肠道细菌和真菌群落的野生和实验室饲养的人口的特点是使用文化依赖和独立的方法。野生和实验室饲养的鬼蛾幼虫之间明显的微生物群落变化、实验室饲养的鬼蛾幼虫肠道中的许多机会致病菌和真菌以及野生鬼蛾中富集的优势细菌的发现为选择有益的益生菌以提高Thitarodes饲养系统和中国corpus的培养的有效性提供了有趣的线索。摘要采用16SrRNA和ITS基因高通量测序技术，对西藏高原高海拔地区和低海拔地区的鬼蛾幼虫肠道细菌和真菌群落进行了研究。采用培养依赖法从6个居群中鉴定出21属26种可培养细菌和12属14种可培养真菌。Maltaromaticum肉杆菌是最丰富的细菌物种从野生和实验室饲养的幼虫。野生鬼蛾种群中最丰富的OTU是肉杆菌科、肠杆菌科的细菌，以及子囊菌门和担子菌门的真菌。来自不同地理位置的野生鬼蛾幼虫微生物群落没有显着差异，但在野生和实验室饲养的鬼蛾幼虫微生物群落之间检测到显着差异。野生鬼蛾幼虫消化道中主要是可培养的肉杆菌。然而，实验室饲养的鬼蛾表现出显着丰富的沃尔巴克氏体，根瘤菌，沙雷氏菌，假单胞菌，黄杆菌。此外，幼虫肠道的野生鬼蛾有一个显着更高的丰富的Ophiocorphins，但较低的丰富的念珠菌和曲霉比实验室饲养的鬼蛾。
Simple Summary The ghost moth, Thitarodes sp., is an obligate host of the most precious fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis on Tibetan plateau. Artificial rearing of the ghost moth at low-altitude laboratory by mimicking the environment of the wild habitat for the cultivation of the Chinese cordyceps has been realized. However, the high mortality of ghost moth larvae by pathogens, low and slow infection, and mummification rate by O. sinensis still constrain the efficient cultivation of the Chinese cordyceps. Both larval gut microbiota and their exploitation in the Thitarodes artificial rearing system have attracted a renewed interest. In the present study, the gut bacterial and fungal communities of the wild and laboratory-reared populations were characterized using both culture-dependent and -independent approaches. The discovery of apparent microbial community shifts between the wild and laboratory-reared ghost moth larvae, many opportunistic pathogenic bacteria and fungi in the gut of the laboratory-reared ghost moth larvae, and the dominant bacteria enriched in the wild ghost moth provide interesting cues for selecting beneficial probiotic bacteria to improve the effectiveness of Thitarodes rearing system and the cultivation of the Chinese cordyceps. Abstract By employing a culture-dependent and -independent 16S rRNA and ITS gene high-throughput sequencing analyses, comprehensive information was obtained on the gut bacterial and fungal communities in the ghost moth larvae of three different geographic locations from high-altitude on Tibet plateau and from low-altitude laboratory. Twenty-six culturable bacterial species belonging to 21 genera and 14 fungal species belonging to 12 genera were identified from six populations by culture-dependent method. Carnobacterium maltaromaticum was the most abundant bacterial species from both the wild and laboratory-reared larvae. The most abundant OTUs in the wild ghost moth populations were Carnobacteriaceae, Enterobacteriaceae for bacteria, and Ascomycota and Basidiomycota for fungi. Larval microbial communities of the wild ghost moth from different geographic locations were not significantly different from each other but significant difference in larval microbial community was detected between the wild and laboratory-reared ghost moth. The larval gut of the wild ghost moth was dominated by the culturable Carnobacterium. However, that of the laboratory-reared ghost moth exhibited significantly abundant Wolbachia, Rhizobium, Serratia, Pseudomonas, and Flavobacterium. Furthermore, the larval gut of the wild ghost moth had a significantly higher abundance of Ophiocordyceps but lower abundance of Candida and Aspergillus than that of the laboratory-reared ghost moth.
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影响因子：
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