Preventing cold-related morbidity and mortality in a changing climate.
Preventing cold-related morbidity and mortality in a changing climate.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.maturitas.2011.04.004
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发表时间：
2011-07
期刊：
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
O'Neill MS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Conlon KC;Rajkovich NB;White-Newsome JL;Larsen L;O'Neill MS
随着全球平均气温的升高，预计冬季天气模式将变得更加多变。研究表明，在寒冷天气期间发病率和死亡率过高。我们严格审查了与温度变化、健康结果和寒冷天气适应策略相关的证据。健康结果包括心血管、呼吸、脑血管和全因发病率和死亡率。对个人和环境风险因素进行了评估，以突出个人和社区水平特征之间的关联，这些特征有助于一个人在寒冷天气事件中易受变化的影响。流行病学研究表明，最易受冬季寒冷天气变化影响的人群是老年人、农村人口以及一般生活在冬季温和气候地区的人口。幸运的是，与感冒有关的发病率和死亡率是可以预防的，并且存在保护人群免受这些不良健康结果影响的战略。我们提出了一系列适应策略，可以在个人、建筑和社区层面实施，以保护弱势群体免受与寒冷相关的发病率和死亡率。现有的研究证明，有必要扩大对个人和社区的教育，以适应寒冷天气的保护。我们建议未来的气候变化适应研究将建筑能量和热舒适模型与流行病学数据结合起来，以评估和量化适应策略的影响。
Winter weather patterns are anticipated to become more variable with increasing average global temperatures. Research shows that excess morbidity and mortality occurs during cold weather periods. We critically reviewed evidence relating temperature variability, health outcomes, and adaptation strategies to cold weather. Health outcomes included cardiovascular-, respiratory-, cerebrovascular-, and all-cause morbidity and mortality. Individual and contextual risk factors were assessed to highlight associations between individual- and neighborhood- level characteristics that contribute to a person’s vulnerability to variability in cold weather events. Epidemiologic studies indicate that the populations most vulnerable to variations in cold winter weather are the elderly, rural and, generally, populations living in moderate winter climates. Fortunately, cold-related morbidity and mortality are preventable and strategies exist for protecting populations from these adverse health outcomes. We present a range of adaptation strategies that can be implemented at the individual, building, and neighborhood level to protect vulnerable populations from cold-related morbidity and mortality. The existing research justifies the need for increased outreach to individuals and communities for education on protective adaptations in cold weather. We propose that future climate change adaptation research couple building energy and thermal comfort models with epidemiological data to evaluate and quantify the impacts of adaptation strategies.
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影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Díaz, J;García, R;Prieto, L
通讯作者：
Prieto, L
影响因子：
24
作者：
Gerber, Yariv;Jacobsen, Steven J.;Roger, Veronique L.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
Clements, A. C. A.
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8.3
作者：
Goncalves, Fabio L. T.;Braun, Samuel;Sharovsky, Rodolfo
通讯作者：
Sharovsky, Rodolfo