Erythro-VLPs: Anchoring SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins in erythrocyte liposomes.

Erythro-VLPs: Anchoring SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins in erythrocyte liposomes.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0263671
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Rheinstädter MC
Rheinstädter MC
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Himbert S;Gastaldo IP;Ahmed R;Pomier KM;Cowbrough B;Jahagirdar D;Ros S;Juhasz J;Stöver HDH;Ortega J;Melacini G;Bowdish DME;Rheinstädter MC

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需要新的治疗策略来控制 SARS-CoV-2(严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2)大流行。在这里,我们提出了一种将 SARS-CoV-2 刺突 (S-) 蛋白锚定在红细胞脂质体细胞质膜上的方案。在插入之前,使用表面活性剂来稳定水环境中的 S 蛋白结构,并促进红细胞膜中 S 蛋白的重建。使用粗粒度分子动力学 (MD) 模拟研究了插入过程。通过动态光散射 (DLS)、ELV-蛋白质共沉降测定、荧光显微镜和冷冻 TEM 研究脂质体形成和 S 蛋白锚定。 Erythro-VLP(基于红细胞的病毒样颗粒)的尺寸明确,约为 200 nm,外膜上的平均蛋白质密度高达 300 个蛋白质/μm2。在生物层干涉测量 (BLI) 测定中,通过与 ACE-2(血管紧张素转换酶 2)的剂量依赖性结合来验证 S 蛋白的正确插入和功能构象。根据酶联免疫吸附测定 (ELISA),在一项小鼠试验中,静脉注射 14 天后观察到血清转化。这种基于红细胞的平台可以为未来冠状病毒疾病(COVID-19)(包括变异病毒和其他病毒)的治疗开辟新的可能性。
Novel therapeutic strategies are needed to control the SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) pandemic. Here, we present a protocol to anchor the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S-)protein in the cytoplasmic membranes of erythrocyte liposomes. A surfactant was used to stabilize the S-protein’s structure in the aqueous environment before insertion and to facilitate reconstitution of the S-proteins in the erythrocyte membranes. The insertion process was studied using coarse grained Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations. Liposome formation and S-protein anchoring was studied by dynamic light scattering (DLS), ELV-protein co-sedimentation assays, fluorescent microcopy and cryo-TEM. The Erythro-VLPs (erythrocyte based virus like particles) have a well defined size of ∼200 nm and an average protein density on the outer membrane of up to ∼300 proteins/μm2. The correct insertion and functional conformation of the S-proteins was verified by dose-dependent binding to ACE-2 (angiotensin converting enzyme 2) in biolayer interferometry (BLI) assays. Seroconversion was observed in a pilot mouse trial after 14 days when administered intravenously, based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). This red blood cell based platform can open novel possibilities for therapeutics for the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) including variants, and other viruses in the future.
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