Revealing (mis)alignments between household perceptions and engineering assessments of post-disaster housing safety in typhoons
Revealing (mis)alignments between household perceptions and engineering assessments of post-disaster housing safety in typhoons
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揭示台风灾后住房安全的家庭认知与工程评估之间的（错误）一致性
DOI：
10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101976
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Koschmann, Matthew A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Venable, Casie;Javernick-Will, Amy;Liel, Abbie B.;Koschmann, Matthew A.
建设减少灾害风险的能力需要整合当地知识和科学知识。我们专注于当地和科学知识的房屋在台风中的安全，重点是屋顶和墙壁系统。为了确定家庭和工程人员对安全住房的理解之间的一致和错位，我们对170户家庭进行了半结构化访谈，这些家庭在菲律宾台风尤兰达之后从组织那里获得了新住房。我们对这些采访进行了定性的编码和分析，以确定家庭预计首先会失败的住房组件，他们更喜欢的失败，以及他们计划如何修改自己的房子，以使其在台风中更安全。我们将这些响应与工程评估的三个结果进行了比较：控制故障模式、最符合安全性能目标的故障模式以及设计修改的量化影响。在关注单个部件的预期损害以及如何提高单个部件的性能时，家庭看法和工程评估很好地保持了一致。然而，在住房一级的看法和评估是不一致的，因为家庭没有考虑住房组成部分如何作为一个系统协同工作来影响业绩。家庭往往没有意识到，修改一个构件(如屋顶)会对其他构件(如墙)的性能产生不利影响。这项研究是第一批系统比较人们对住房安全的看法和评估的研究之一，并促进了对当地安全建筑实践的科学知识的协调或错位的理解。我们建议未来的灾后培训计划包括对房屋加载路径的讨论，以专注于组件如何协同工作，从而做出支持改善房屋性能的设计和修改决策。
Building capacity for disaster risk reduction requires integrating local and scientific knowledge. We focus on local and scientific knowledge of the safety of housing in typhoons' wind, focusing on roof and wall systems. To identify alignments and misalignments between household and engineering understanding of safe housing, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 170 households that received new houses from organizations following Typhoon Yolanda in the Philippines. We qualitatively coded and analyzed these interviews to identify what housing components households expect to fail first, their preferred failure, and how they plan to modify their house to be safer in typhoons. We compared these responses to three results from engineering assessments: the governing failure mode, the failure mode that best meets safety performance objectives, and the quantified impact of design modifications. Household perceptions and engineering assessments were well-aligned when focusing on the damage expected to a single component and how to improve the performance of a single component. However, perceptions and assessments were misaligned at the housing level as households did not consider how housing components worked together as a system to influence performance. Households often did not recognize that modifying one component, such as the roof, would have an adverse impact on the performance of other components, such as the wall. This study is one of the first to systematically compare perceptions and assessments of housing safety and advances understanding of alignment, or misalignment, of local and scientific knowledge of safe building practices. We recommend that future post-disaster training programs incorporate discussions of a house's load path to focus on how components work together, enabling design and modification decisions that support improved housing performance.
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DOI：
10.1080/17477891.2011.598497
发表时间：
2011
期刊：
Environmental Hazards
影响因子：
--
作者：
T. Schilderman;Michael Lyons
通讯作者：
Michael Lyons
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Venable, Casie;Javernick-Will, Amy;Liel, Abbie B.
通讯作者：
Liel, Abbie B.
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
Peihui Lin;Naiyu Wang;B. Ellingwood
通讯作者：
B. Ellingwood
针对多种危险的基于性能的工程：结构可靠性和风险评估的作用
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
B. Ellingwood
通讯作者：
B. Ellingwood
灾后避难所项目协调、参与和培训的比较分析
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
A. Opdyke;Amy Javernick‐Will;Matthew A. Koschmann
通讯作者：
Matthew A. Koschmann