ERS/ATS workshop report on respiratory health effects of household air pollution.
ERS/ATS workshop report on respiratory health effects of household air pollution.
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DOI：
10.1183/13993003.00698-2017
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发表时间：
2018-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Balmes J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sood A;Assad NA;Barnes PJ;Churg A;Gordon SB;Harrod KS;Irshad H;Kurmi OP;Martin WJ 2nd;Meek P;Mortimer K;Noonan CW;Perez-Padilla R;Smith KR;Tesfaigzi Y;Ward T;Balmes J
固体燃料燃烧造成的家庭空气污染 (HAP) 影响着世界上近一半的人口。呼吸道感染、肺部生长受损和慢性阻塞性肺病等呼吸道不良后果与 HAP 暴露有关。固体燃料烟雾是各种气体和颗粒物的异质混合物。受控暴露条件和遗传同质性的细胞培养和动物研究为 HAP 机制提供了重要的见解。暴露的人肺泡巨噬细胞中细菌吞噬作用受损可能会介导多种与 HAP 相关的健康影响。与吸烟者相比，接触 HAP 的个体的肺部病理学结果表明，小气道纤维化程度更高，肺气肿程度更轻。需要使用问卷、空气污染监测和/或生物标志物进行现场研究，以更好地确定人类风险。一些（但不是全部）研究表明，提高炉灶效率或排气排放可能与减少呼吸道症状、女性肺功能下降和儿童严重肺炎有关。目前的研究重点是燃料转换、炉灶技术更换或升级以及空气过滤装置。一些国家的政府已经启动了重大计划，以加速从固体燃料到清洁燃料的升级，特别是液化石油气，这为呼吸健康界提供了研究机会。
Exposure to household air pollution (HAP) from solid fuel combustion affects almost half of the world population. Adverse respiratory outcomes such as respiratory infections, impaired lung growth and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have been linked to HAP exposure. Solid fuel smoke is a heterogeneous mixture of various gases and particulates. Cell culture and animal studies with controlled exposure conditions and genetic homogeneity provide important insights into HAP mechanisms. Impaired bacterial phagocytosis in exposed human alveolar macrophages possibly mediates several HAP-related health effects. Lung pathological findings in HAP-exposed individuals demonstrate greater small airways fibrosis and less emphysema compared with cigarette smokers. Field studies using questionnaires, air pollution monitoring and/or biomarkers are needed to better establish human risks. Some, but not all, studies suggest that improving cookstove efficiency or venting emissions may be associated with reduced respiratory symptoms, lung function decline in women and severe pneumonia in children. Current studies focus on fuel switching, stove technology replacements or upgrades and air filter devices. Several governments have initiated major programmes to accelerate the upgrade from solid fuels to clean fuels, particularly liquid petroleum gas, which provides research opportunities for the respiratory health community.
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影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Burnett RT;Pope CA 3rd;Ezzati M;Olives C;Lim SS;Mehta S;Shin HH;Singh G;Hubbell B;Brauer M;Anderson HR;Smith KR;Balmes JR;Bruce NG;Kan H;Laden F;Prüss-Ustün A;Turner MC;Gapstur SM;Diver WR;Cohen A
通讯作者：
Cohen A
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Bonjour S;Adair-Rohani H;Wolf J;Bruce NG;Mehta S;Prüss-Ustün A;Lahiff M;Rehfuess EA;Mishra V;Smith KR
通讯作者：
Smith KR
DOI：
10.1164/rccm.201010-1572oc
发表时间：
2011-05-01
影响因子：
24.7
作者：
Allen, Ryan W.;Carlsten, Chris;Brauer, Michael
通讯作者：
Brauer, Michael
DOI：
10.1164/rccm.2111021
发表时间：
2002-07-01
影响因子：
24.7
作者：
Gauderman, WJ;Gilliland, GF;Peters, JM
通讯作者：
Peters, JM
DOI：
10.1165/rcmb.2014-0142oc
发表时间：
2015-03-01
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Awji, Elias G.;Chand, Hitendra;Tesfaigzi, Yohannes
通讯作者：
Tesfaigzi, Yohannes