Dynamic limbic networks and social diversity in vertebrates: from neural context to neuromodulatory patterning.
Dynamic limbic networks and social diversity in vertebrates: from neural context to neuromodulatory patterning.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.yfrne.2009.05.007
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发表时间：
2009-10
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Kabelik, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goodson, James L.;Kabelik, David
关键词：
脊椎动物表现出惊人的社会行为多样性，但各种基本的社会行为过程对所有物种都是必不可少的。这些包括社会信号；对同种人和性伴侣的歧视；食欲和性行为；攻击性和支配性行为；以及父母行为(后者是极少数例外)。这些行为具有基本的重要性，并受到进化上保守的边缘前脑和中脑的核心社会行为网络(SBN)的调控。SBN以一种高度动态、分布式的方式对社会信息进行编码，因此行为与SBN上的神经活动模式联系最紧密，而不是单个基因座的活动。因此，可以想象，跨SBN节点的活动的相对权重的变化可以在行为上产生几乎无限的变化，包括跨物种的多样性(因为权重是通过进化来修改的)、跨行为上下文的多样性(随着权重的时间变化)和跨行为表型的多样性(因为权重是通过遗传和发育过程来指定的)。单个神经基因座也可能表达与行为的不同关系，这取决于它们与其他大脑区域(“神经背景”)的功能连接的时间变化。我们在这里回顾了SBN的基本属性，展示了行为变异如何与网络的功能连通性相关，并讨论了神经内分泌因子调节网络活动以产生行为多样性的方式。除了类固醇激素对SBN状态的作用外，我们还研究了非肽(加压素和催产素样神经肽)在时间上的可塑性和进化上的不稳定性，并展示了SBN中非肽信号的变化如何促进不同社会背景、季节、表型和物种的行为多样性。尽管这种多样性的复杂性令人望而生畏，但寻找共同的“组织原则”的工作已经变得越来越有成效。我们关注行为的多个方面，包括性行为、攻击性和从属关系，在这些领域中的每一个领域，我们都展示了如何通过检查广泛的脊椎动物分类群的行为多样性获得广泛相关的见解。
Vertebrate animals exhibit a spectacular diversity of social behaviors, yet a variety of basic social behavior processes are essential to all species. These include social signaling; discrimination of conspecifics and sexual partners; appetitive and consummatory sexual behaviors; aggression and dominance behaviors; and parental behaviors (the latter with rare exceptions). These behaviors are of fundamental importance and are regulated by an evolutionarily conserved, core social behavior network (SBN) of the limbic forebrain and midbrain. The SBN encodes social information in a highly dynamic, distributed manner, such that behavior is most strongly linked to the pattern of neural activity across the SBN, not the activity of single loci. Thus, shifts in the relative weighting of activity across SBN nodes can conceivably produce almost limitless variation in behavior, including diversity across species (as weighting is modified through evolution), across behavioral contexts (as weights change temporally) and across behavioral phenotypes (as weighting is specified through heritable and developmental processes). Individual neural loci may also express diverse relationships to behavior, depending upon temporal variations in their functional connectivity to other brain regions (“neural context”). We here review the basic properties of the SBN and show how behavioral variation relates to functional connectivity of the network, and discuss ways in which neuroendocrine factors adjust network activity to produce behavioral diversity. In addition to the actions of steroid hormones on SBN state, we examine the temporally plastic and evolutionarily labile properties of the nonapeptides (the vasopressin- and oxytocin-like neuropeptides), and show how variations in nonapeptide signaling within the SBN serve to promote behavioral diversity across social contexts, seasons, phenotypes and species. Although this diversity is daunting in its complexity, the search for common “organizing principles” has become increasingly fruitful. We focus on multiple aspects of behavior, including sexual behavior, aggression and affiliation, and in each of these areas, we show how broadly relevant insights have been obtained through the examination of behavioral diversity in a wide range of vertebrate taxa.
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