Role of the retrotrapezoid nucleus/parafacial respiratory group in coughing and swallowing in guinea pigs.
Role of the retrotrapezoid nucleus/parafacial respiratory group in coughing and swallowing in guinea pigs.
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梯形后核/面旁呼吸群在豚鼠咳嗽和吞咽中的作用。
DOI：
10.1152/jn.00332.2015
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Hisa Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sugiyama Y;Shiba K;Mukudai S;Umezaki T;Sakaguchi H;Hisa Y
位于面神经核腹侧的后斜方肌/面旁呼吸群（RTN/pFRG）在调节呼吸中起关键作用，尤其是在高碳酸血症条件下增强呼气活动。为了阐明RTN/pFRG区域在诱发咳嗽（在此期间产生反射性增强的呼气）和吞咽（在此期间呼气活动始终停止）中的作用，我们记录了去大脑、麻痹和人工通气豚鼠在这些虚构行为期间RTN/pFRG神经元的细胞外活动。大多数记录的呼吸神经元的活动与咳嗽和吞咽同步变化。为了进一步评估RTN/pFRG神经元对这些非呼吸行为的贡献，在RTN/pFRG区域的尾侧边缘处脑干横断之前和之后，比较呼吸、咳嗽和吞咽期间的运动输出模式。此外，还研究了在其吻侧缘横断的影响，以评估脑桥对这些行为的贡献。在呼吸过程中，横断在喙缘减弱吸气后活动的喉返神经。同时，尾侧切断后，腹神经的晚期呼气活动消失。尾部横切也降低了咳嗽相关的腹神经放电的幅度，但没有取消的活动。即使在尾侧端横断后也可引起吞咽。这些发现提出了RTN/pFRG在正常呼吸过程中有助于呼气调节的前景，尽管该区域不是参与咳嗽和吞咽的神经元网络的必要元素。
The retrotrapezoid/parafacial respiratory group (RTN/pFRG) located ventral to the facial nucleus plays a key role in regulating breathing, especially enhanced expiratory activity during hypercapnic conditions. To clarify the roles of the RTN/pFRG region in evoking coughing, during which reflexive enhanced expiration is produced, and in swallowing, during which the expiratory activity is consistently halted, we recorded extracellular activity from RTN/pFRG neurons during these fictive behaviors in decerebrate, paralyzed, and artificially ventilated guinea pigs. The activity of the majority of recorded respiratory neurons was changed in synchrony with coughing and swallowing. To further evaluate the contribution of RTN/pFRG neurons to these nonrespiratory behaviors, the motor output patterns during breathing, coughing, and swallowing were compared before and after brain stem transection at the caudal margin of RTN/pFRG region. In addition, the effects of transection at its rostral margin were also investigated to evaluate pontine contribution to these behaviors. During respiration, transection at the rostral margin attenuated the postinspiratory activity of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Meanwhile, the late expiratory activity of the abdominal nerve was abolished after caudal transection. The caudal transection also decreased the amplitude of the coughing-related abdominal nerve discharge but did not abolish the activity. Swallowing could be elicited even after the caudal end transection. These findings raise the prospect that the RTN/pFRG contributes to expiratory regulation during normal respiration, although this region is not an essential element of the neuronal networks involved in coughing and swallowing.
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