Effects of oxytocin and prosocial behavior on brain responses to direct and vicariously experienced pain.
Effects of oxytocin and prosocial behavior on brain responses to direct and vicariously experienced pain.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0014195
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发表时间：
2008-12
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Dolan, Raymond J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Singer, Tania;Snozzi, Romana;Bird, Geoffrey;Petrovic, Predrag;Silani, Giorgia;Heinrichs, Markus;Dolan, Raymond J.
在这项研究中，我们测试了关于同理心的两个流行假设的有效性：(a) 催产素可以增强同理心，催产素是一种已知对亲和行为至关重要的神经肽，(b) 亲社会行为的个体差异与同理心大脑反应呈正相关。为此，我们在一项双盲安慰剂对照研究中测量了大脑活动，该研究对 20 名男性参与者进行了测试，参与者要么自己的手受到疼痛刺激（自我状况），要么观察女性伴侣的手受到疼痛刺激（其他状况）。亲社会行为是使用货币经济互动游戏来衡量的，参与者根据他们是否与其他玩家合作分为亲社会（N = 12）或自私（N = 6）。与同理心相关的大脑激活（前岛叶）既不会被催产素增强，也不会与亲社会行为呈正相关。然而，当参与者自己受到痛苦的刺激（在非社交条件下）时，催产素会减少杏仁核的激活。令人惊讶的是，这种效应是由“自私”的参与者驱动的。结果表明，自私的人可能并不像通常认为的那样理性和冷静，他们的行为是由他们的焦虑感而不是理性决定的。
In this study, we tested the validity of 2 popular assumptions about empathy: (a) empathy can be enhanced by oxytocin, a neuropeptide known to be crucial in affiliative behavior, and (b) individual differences in prosocial behavior are positively associated with empathic brain responses. To do so, we measured brain activity in a double-blind placebo-controlled study of 20 male participants either receiving painful stimulation to their own hand (self condition) or observing their female partner receiving painful stimulation to her hand (other condition). Prosocial behavior was measured using a monetary economic interaction game with which participants classified as prosocial (N = 12) or selfish (N = 6), depending on whether they cooperated with another player. Empathy-relevant brain activation (anterior insula) was neither enhanced by oxytocin nor positively associated with prosocial behavior. However, oxytocin reduced amygdala activation when participants received painful stimulation themselves (in the nonsocial condition). Surprisingly, this effect was driven by “selfish” participants. The results suggest that selfish individuals may not be as rational and unemotional as usually suggested, their actions being determined by their feeling anxious rather than by reason.
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影响因子：
9.2
作者：
Cheng, Yawei;Lin, Ching-Po;Decety, Jean
通讯作者：
Decety, Jean
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Bale, TL;Davis, AM;McCarthy, MM
通讯作者：
McCarthy, MM
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Botvinick, M;Jha, AP;Prkachin, KM
通讯作者：
Prkachin, KM
影响因子：
--
作者：
Decety J;Lamm C
通讯作者：
Lamm C
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Fischer, H;Tillfors, M;Fredrikson, M
通讯作者：
Fredrikson, M