Spectrophotometric determination of ammonia levels in tobacco fillers of and sidestream smoke from different cigarette brands in Japan.
Spectrophotometric determination of ammonia levels in tobacco fillers of and sidestream smoke from different cigarette brands in Japan.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12199-018-0704-5
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发表时间：
2018-04-27
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Kunugita N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Inaba Y;Uchiyama S;Kunugita N
烟草填充物和主流和侧流香烟烟雾中含有的氨加速了吸烟者对尼古丁的依赖。世界卫生组织烟草产品规例研究小组已将氨列入香烟39种烟草成分及排放物的非详尽优先名单内。开发一种简单的氨检测方法将有助于在烟草控制政策下建立烟草产品法规，并允许进行调查，即使是研究预算很少的实验室。基于水杨酸-氯反应，采用硝普钠和二氯异氰尿酸钠两种显色剂，建立了一种简便的比色分析方法。为了将该方法与常规离子色谱法进行比较，我们分析了从由四家烟草公司（日本烟草（JT）Inc.，英美烟草公司（BAT）、日本菲利普莫里斯公司和Natural American Spirit）。我们还分析了来自被发现含有高或低烟草填料氨水平的品牌的香烟的侧流烟雾中的氨水平。通过我们的方法和离子色谱法测量的参考香烟（3R 4F）中的氨水平与先前报道的水平相似且相当。从35个卷烟品牌中提取的烟草填料中的氨含量范围为0.25 ~ 1.58mg/g。JT卷烟品牌的平均氨水平（0.83 ± 0.28 mg/g）显著高于Natural American Spirit卷烟品牌（0.30 ± 0.08 mg/g），低于其他两个卷烟品牌（BAT为1.11 ± 0.19 mg/g，Philip Morris为1.24 ± 0.15 mg/g）（通过Bonferroni检验，p < 0.001）。CABIN、万宝路黑薄荷、美国精神淡味和七星香烟侧流烟气中氨含量分别为5.89 ± 0.28、5.23 ± 0.12、6.92 ± 0.56和4.14 ± 0.19 mg/支。侧流烟气中的氨含量高于烟草填料。该方法简单，可用于卷烟填料和侧流烟气中氨的分析。在日本，由四家烟草制造商生产的35种商业销售的卷烟品牌的氨含量之间存在显着差异。侧流烟气中90%以上的氨为气相。
The ammonia contained in tobacco fillers and mainstream and sidestream cigarette smoke accelerates nicotine dependence in cigarette smokers. Ammonia has been included in the non-exhaustive priority list of 39 tobacco components and emissions of cigarette published by the World Health Organization (WHO) Study Group on Tobacco Product Regulation. The development of a simple ammonia detection method will contribute to the establishment of tobacco product regulation under tobacco control policies and allow surveys to be conducted, even by laboratories with small research budgets. We developed a simple colorimetric method based on the salicylate-chlorine reaction and absorption spectrometry with two reagents (sodium nitroprusside and sodium dichloroisocyanurate). To compare this method to conventional ion chromatography, we analyzed the ammonia levels in tobacco fillers extracted from 35 Japanese commercially marketed cigarette brands manufactured by four tobacco companies (Japan Tobacco (JT) Inc., British American Tobacco (BAT), Philip Morris Japan, and Natural American Spirit). We also analyzed the ammonia levels in the sidestream smoke from cigarettes of the brands that were found to contain high or low tobacco filler ammonia levels. The ammonia levels in the reference cigarette (3R4F) measured by our method and ion chromatography were similar and comparable to previously reported levels. The ammonia levels in tobacco fillers extracted from 35 cigarette brands ranged from 0.25 to 1.58 mg/g. The mean ammonia level of JT cigarette brands was significantly higher (0.83 ± 0.28 mg/g) than that of Natural American Spirit cigarette brands (0.30 ± 0.08 mg/g) and lower than those in the other two cigarette brands (1.11 ± 0.19 mg/g for BAT and 1.24 ± 0.15 mg/g for Philip Morris) (p < 0.001 by Bonferroni test). The ammonia levels in the sidestream smoke of CABIN, Marlboro Black Menthol, American Spirit Light, and Seven Stars were 5.89 ± 0.28, 5.23 ± 0.12, 6.92 ± 0.56, and 4.14 ± 0.19 mg/cigarette, respectively. The ammonia levels were higher in sidestream smoke than in tobacco filler. Our simple colorimetric could be used to analyze ammonia in tobacco fillers and sidestream smoke. There were significant differences between the ammonia levels of the 35 commercially marketed cigarette brands in Japan manufactured by four tobacco manufacturers. Over 90% of the ammonia in sidestream smoke was in gaseous phase.
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