Faces in the wild: A naturalistic study of children's facial expressions in response to an Internet prank.
Faces in the wild: A naturalistic study of children's facial expressions in response to an Internet prank.
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DOI：
10.1080/02699931.2019.1611542
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发表时间：
2020-03
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Perlman SB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shuster MM;Camras LA;Grabell A;Perlman SB
令人惊讶的是，很少有经验证据支持在许多情感识别研究中使用的自发产生的原型面部表情的理论和轶事主张。先天原型表达的支持者认为，证据的缺乏可能是由于伦理限制，不允许在实验室中展示强大的激发子。目前，专为公开分享视频而设计的互联网平台的流行，使研究人员能够通过检查实验室外自然发生的面部表情来阐明这一争论。一个网络恶作剧（“恐怖迷宫”）提供了一个独特的机会来观察孩子们对持续的恐惧和惊讶刺激的反应：在一个在线迷宫游戏中意外出现一张“可怕的脸”。这项研究的目的是研究儿童在这种自然环境下的面部表情。非面部行为的情绪评级（由未经训练的本科生提供）和基于解剖学的面部代码从YouTube上找到的60个儿童（4-7岁）视频中获得。恐惧和惊讶的情绪评分最高。相应地，孩子们表现出更多的恐惧和惊讶的面部表情，而不是其他情绪（如愤怒、喜悦）。这些发现为恐惧和惊讶表情的生态有效性提供了部分支持。然而，只有不到一半的孩子做出了原型表情。
There is surprisingly little empirical evidence supporting theoretical and anecdotal claims regarding the spontaneous production of prototypic facial expressions used in numerous emotion recognition studies. Proponents of innate prototypic expressions believe that this lack of evidence may be due to ethical restrictions against presenting powerful elicitors in the lab. The current popularity of internet platforms designed for public sharing of videos allows investigators to shed light on this debate by examining naturally-occurring facial expressions outside the laboratory. An Internet prank (“Scary Maze”) has provided a unique opportunity to observe children reacting to a consistent fear- and surprise-inducing stimulus: The unexpected presentation of a “scary face” during an online maze game. The purpose of this study was to examine children’s facial expressions in this naturalistic setting. Emotion ratings of non-facial behaviour (provided by untrained undergraduates) and anatomically-based facial codes were obtained from 60 videos of children (ages 4–7) found on YouTube. Emotion ratings were highest for fear and surprise. Correspondingly, children displayed more facial expressions of fear and surprise than for other emotions (e.g. anger, joy). These findings provide partial support for the ecological validity of fear and surprise expressions. Still prototypic expressions were produced by fewer than half the children.
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