The Interaction between Psychological Stress and Iron Status on Early-Life Neurodevelopmental Outcomes.
The Interaction between Psychological Stress and Iron Status on Early-Life Neurodevelopmental Outcomes.
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DOI：
10.3390/nu15173798
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发表时间：
2023-08-30
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Georgieff, Michael K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Reid, Brie M.;Georgieff, Michael K.
本文综述了来自动物和人类研究的证据，证明了铁缺乏和心理困扰对妊娠期和新生儿期神经认知发育的可能联系和重大影响，并对长期认知产生影响。压力和缺铁是独立流行的，因此经常共病。虽然缺铁和早期生活压力独立地导致长期的神经发育改变，但它们的联合作用仍有待研究。心理应激反应可能涉及与感染性应激类似的途径，其改变基本的铁代谢过程并导致功能性组织水平的铁缺乏。心理应激，类似于但程度低于感染应激，激活下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质（HPA）轴并增加促炎细胞因子。慢性或严重应激与HPA轴功能失调和促炎状态相关。这种失调可能会破坏铁的吸收和利用，可能是由IL-6激活铁调素介导的，铁调素是一种阻碍铁吸收和重新分配全身铁的分子。这篇叙述性综述强调了调查心理压力和铁状态之间关系的暗示性研究，并概述了连接心理压力暴露和铁代谢的假设机制途径。我们研究结果重叠的影响，早期压力暴露于缺铁和儿童的神经认知发展。我们建议，研究心理压力对铁代谢的影响是至关重要的了解神经认知发育的儿童暴露于产前和产后早期的压力源和儿童的早期铁不足的风险。我们建议未来的方向双重暴露研究探索铁作为早期压力和后代神经发育之间的潜在介导途径，提供有针对性的干预措施的机会。
This review presents evidence from animal and human studies demonstrating the possible connection and significant impact of poor iron status and psychological distress on neurocognitive development during pregnancy and the neonatal period, with implications for long-term cognition. Stress and iron deficiency are independently prevalent and thus are frequently comorbid. While iron deficiency and early-life stress independently contribute to long-term neurodevelopmental alterations, their combined effects remain underexplored. Psychological stress responses may engage similar pathways as infectious stress, which alters fundamental iron metabolism processes and cause functional tissue-level iron deficiency. Psychological stress, analogous to but to a lesser degree than infectious stress, activates the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenocortical (HPA) axis and increases proinflammatory cytokines. Chronic or severe stress is associated with dysregulated HPA axis functioning and a proinflammatory state. This dysregulation may disrupt iron absorption and utilization, likely mediated by the IL-6 activation of hepcidin, a molecule that impedes iron absorption and redistributes total body iron. This narrative review highlights suggestive studies investigating the relationship between psychological stress and iron status and outlines hypothesized mechanistic pathways connecting psychological stress exposure and iron metabolism. We examine findings regarding the overlapping impacts of early stress exposure to iron deficiency and children’s neurocognitive development. We propose that studying the influence of psychological stress on iron metabolism is crucial for comprehending neurocognitive development in children exposed to prenatal and early postnatal stressors and for children at risk of early iron insufficiency. We recommend future directions for dual-exposure studies exploring iron as a potential mediating pathway between early stress and offspring neurodevelopment, offering opportunities for targeted interventions.
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期刊：
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