Neuropod Cells: The Emerging Biology of Gut-Brain Sensory Transduction.

Neuropod Cells: The Emerging Biology of Gut-Brain Sensory Transduction.
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DOI:
10.1146/annurev-neuro-091619-022657
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发表时间:
2020-07-08
影响因子:
13.9
通讯作者:
Bohórquez DV
Bohórquez DV
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kaelberer MM;Rupprecht LE;Liu WW;Weng P;Bohórquez DV

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在视觉、气味、质地和味道的指引下,动物摄取食物。一旦被摄取,就需要靠肠道来判断食物的营养价值。经典的感觉系统依靠神经上皮回路将刺激转化为指导行为的信号。然而,在肠内分泌细胞中发现突触之前,肠道环境的感觉被认为只是通过激素的被动释放来调节的。这些是肠道感觉上皮细胞,那些形成突触的细胞被称为神经足细胞。神经足细胞为肠道提供了基础,通过向神经元(包括迷走神经)的快速神经传递,将感觉信号从肠道环境传递到大脑。这些发现引发了感觉神经生物学的一个新领域的探索--肠道-大脑感觉转导。
Guided by its sight, scent, texture, and taste, animals ingest food. Once ingested, it is up to the gut to make sense of the food’s nutritional value. Classic sensory systems rely on neuroepithelial circuits to convert stimuli into signals that guide behavior. However, sensation of the gut milieu was thought to be mediated only by the passive release of hormones until the discovery of synapses in enteroendocrine cells. These are gut sensory epithelial cells, and those that form synapses are referred as neuropod cells. Neuropod cells provide the foundation for the gut to transduce sensory signals from the intestinal milieu to the brain through fast neurotransmission onto neurons, including those of the vagus nerve. These findings have sparked a new field of exploration in sensory neurobiology—that of gut-brain sensory transduction.
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