Weather-Related Hazards and Population Change: A Study of Hurricanes and Tropical Storms in the United States, 1980-2012.

Weather-Related Hazards and Population Change: A Study of Hurricanes and Tropical Storms in the United States, 1980-2012.
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DOI:
10.1177/0002716216682942
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发表时间:
2017-01
期刊:
The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Meijer-Irons J
Meijer-Irons J
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Fussell E;Curran SR;Dunbar MD;Babb MA;Thompson L;Meijer-Irons J

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环境决定论者预测,人们会从经常遭受天气灾害的地方搬离,但其中一些地区的人口增长迅速。这项分析研究了1980年至2012年期间经历飓风和热带风暴的所有美国县的天气事件与人口变化之间的关系。我们的数据库可以通过考虑当前和过去飓风事件和损失以及过去人口趋势的异质性来得出更普遍的结论。我们发现,飓风和热带风暴只会影响人口不断增长的高密度县的未来人口增长,这些县只占所有县的2%。在这些县,当年的飓风事件和相关损失抑制了未来的人口增长,尽管累积的飓风相关损失实际上提高了人口增长。低密度县和人口稳定或下降的县没有受到这些天气事件的影响。我们的分析为先前研究中相互矛盾的发现提供了方法学上的解释。
Environmental determinists predict that people move away from places experiencing frequent weather hazards, yet some of these areas have rapidly growing populations. This analysis examines the relationship between weather events and population change in all U.S. counties that experienced hurricanes and tropical storms between 1980 and 2012. Our database allows for more generalizable conclusions by accounting for heterogeneity in current and past hurricane events and losses and past population trends. We find that hurricanes and tropical storms affect future population growth only in counties with growing, high-density populations, which are only 2 percent of all counties. In those counties, current year hurricane events and related losses suppress future population growth, although cumulative hurricane-related losses actually elevate population growth. Low-density counties and counties with stable or declining populations experience no effect of these weather events. Our analysis provides a methodologically informed explanation for contradictory findings in prior studies.
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