Neural substrates of cognitive inflexibility after chronic cocaine exposure.
Neural substrates of cognitive inflexibility after chronic cocaine exposure.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.07.019
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发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Schoenbaum G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stalnaker TA;Takahashi Y;Roesch MR;Schoenbaum G
在过去的几十年里，成瘾者和接触成瘾药物的动物的认知变化已经得到了广泛的研究。使用认知范式研究成瘾的一个优点是，成瘾者或药物暴露动物的神经处理可以与正常受试者进行比较。认知灵活性测试测量改变对先前奖励或惩罚刺激的反应的能力，这在成瘾研究中具有潜在的意义，因为成瘾本身可以被视为无法改变对先前与药物奖励相关的刺激的反应。其中一个测试是逆转学习，这在可卡因成瘾者和长期自我管理或接触可卡因的动物中受损。包括眶额皮质、基底外侧杏仁核和纹状体的回路有助于逆转学习。在先前接触过可卡因的大鼠中，这些区域的神经元在逆转学习过程中如何编码信息方面表现出选择性和独特的变化。这些变化表明，在这些大鼠中，眶额皮质失去了信号预期结果的能力，基底外侧杏仁核在编码线索意义时变得不灵活。这些变化可以解释可卡因引起的认知灵活性障碍，并可能在成瘾方面具有理论意义。
Cognitive changes in addicts and in animals exposed to addictive drugs have been extensively investigated over the past decades. One advantage of studying addiction using cognitive paradigms is that neural processing in addicts or drug-exposed animals can be compared to that in normal subjects. Tests of cognitive flexibility that measure the ability to change responding to a previously rewarded or punished stimulus are of potential interest in the study of addiction, because addiction can itself be viewed as an inability to change responding to stimuli previously associated with drug reward. One such test is reversal learning, which is impaired in cocaine addicts and animals that have chronically self-administered or been exposed to cocaine. A circuit including orbitofrontal cortex, basolateral amygdala and striatum subserves reversal learning. In rats that have been previously exposed to cocaine, neurons in these regions show selective and distinctive changes in how they encode information during reversal learning. These changes suggest that in these rats, orbitofrontal cortex loses the ability to signal expected outcomes, and basolateral amygdala becomes inflexible in its encoding of cue significance. These changes could explain cocaine-induced impairments to cognitive flexibility and may have theoretical importance in addiction.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Chudasama, Y.;Kralik, J. D.;Murray, E. A.
通讯作者：
Murray, E. A.
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Critchley, HD;Rolls, ET
通讯作者：
Rolls, ET
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Fillmore, MT;Rush, CR
通讯作者：
Rush, CR
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.98.4.1976
发表时间：
2001-02-13
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Ciccocioppo, R;Sanna, PP;Weiss, F
通讯作者：
Weiss, F
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Blair, Karina;Marsh, Abigail A.;Blair, James R.
通讯作者：
Blair, James R.