Detection of Coccidioides posadasii from xerophytic environments in Venezuela reveals risk of naturally acquired coccidioidomycosis infections.
Detection of Coccidioides posadasii from xerophytic environments in Venezuela reveals risk of naturally acquired coccidioidomycosis infections.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41426-018-0049-6
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发表时间：
2018-03-29
影响因子：
13.2
通讯作者：
Barker BM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alvarado P;Teixeira MM;Andrews L;Fernandez A;Santander G;Doyle A;Perez M;Yegres F;Barker BM
广泛的哺乳动物易受真菌物种球孢子虫和波萨达孢子虫的感染。在人类中，60%的感染是无症状的；然而，某些患者可能会发展成一种严重的、深度的系统性真菌病，称为球孢子菌病。遗传分析表明，大多数从南美洲恢复的临床分离株是波萨达梭菌；然而，对这些地区的流行、物种分布和有利于该病原体发生的生态因素知之甚少。通过使用基于定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）的方法和真菌组扩增子测序，我们提供了证据，证明在委内瑞拉的旱生环境中发现了至少两种基因型的波萨达索菌。在不同采样地点的比较中，我们检测到球孢子虫DNA的数量相差3806倍，这表明人类暴露风险是可变的，是疾病表现的一个关键因素。我们发现真菌群落与较高的波萨达西球虫流行率相关，这表明特定微生物和干燥微环境的结合可能有利于球虫在某些地方的生长。此外，我们讨论了使用组合方法，使用qPCR和深度测序方法来评估和监测暴发源的真菌病原体负担。
A wide range of mammals are susceptible to infection by the fungal species Coccidioides immitis and C. posadasii. In humans, 60% of infections are asymptomatic; however, certain patients may develop a severe and deep systemic mycosis called coccidioidomycosis. Genetic analysis suggests that the majority of clinical isolates recovered from South America are C. posadasii; however, little is known about the prevalence, species distribution, and ecological factors that favor the occurrence of this pathogen in those areas. By using a combined quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)-based approach and mycobiome amplicon sequencing, we provide evidence that at least two genotypes of C. posadasii are found in the xerophytic environment in Venezuela. We detected a 3806-fold range in the amount of Coccidioides DNA when comparing among the sampled locations, which indicates that human exposure risk is variable, and is one critical factor for disease manifestation. We identified fungal communities that are correlated with a higher prevalence of C. posadasii, suggesting that a combination of specific microbes and a xeric microenvironment may favor the growth of Coccidioides in certain locations. Moreover, we discuss the use of a combinatorial approach, using both qPCR and deep-sequencing methods to assess and monitor fungal pathogen burden at outbreak sources.
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影响因子：
4.2
作者：
de Macêdo RC;Rosado AS;da Mota FF;Cavalcante MA;Eulálio KD;Filho AD;Martins LM;Lazéra MS;Wanke B
通讯作者：
Wanke B
影响因子：
10.7
作者：
Minh BQ;Nguyen MA;von Haeseler A
通讯作者：
von Haeseler A
影响因子：
6.6
作者：
Bengtsson-Palme, Johan;Ryberg, Martin;Nilsson, R. Henrik
通讯作者：
Nilsson, R. Henrik
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Barker, Bridget M.;Tabor, Joseph A.;Orbach, Marc J.
通讯作者：
Orbach, Marc J.
影响因子：
7.5
作者：
Corpolongo, A.;Giancola, M. L.;Nicastri, E.
通讯作者：
Nicastri, E.