Fast mapping, slow learning: disambiguation of novel word-object mappings in relation to vocabulary learning at 18, 24, and 30months.
Fast mapping, slow learning: disambiguation of novel word-object mappings in relation to vocabulary learning at 18, 24, and 30months.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cognition.2012.08.008
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发表时间：
2013-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Fernald A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bion RA;Borovsky A;Fernald A
当听到一个新奇的名字时，孩子们倾向于选择一个新奇的物体，而不是一个熟悉的物体，这种偏见被称为消歧。使用18个月，24个月和30个月大的在线处理措施，我们调查了这种偏见的发展与单词学习的关系。儿童在听到一个小说名称后注视一个小说物体的时间比例与他们对小说词汇的成功记忆有关，也与他们的词汇量有关。然而，消除歧义和保留新单词的技能是逐渐发展起来的：18个月大的孩子在标记后没有表现出对新物体的可靠偏好; 24个月大的孩子在消除歧义试验中可靠地看着一个新物体，但没有表现出保留的证据; 30个月大的孩子在消除歧义试验中取得了成功，只表现出脆弱的保留证据。我们的结论是，在模糊的背景下找到一个新单词的指称的能力是一种技能，提高从18至30个月的年龄。词汇学习的特点是一个渐进的过程，这是相关的-但不依赖于-出现的消歧偏见。
When hearing a novel name, children tend to select a novel object rather than a familiar one, a bias known as disambiguation. Using online processing measures with 18-, 24, and 30-month-olds, we investigate how the development of this bias relates to word learning. Children’s proportion of looking time to a novel object after hearing a novel name related to their success in retention of the novel word, and also to their vocabulary size. However, skill in disambiguation and retention of novel words developed gradually: 18-month-olds did not show a reliable preference for the novel object after labeling; 24-month-olds reliably looked at a novel object on disambiguation trials but showed no evidence of retention; and 30-month-olds succeeded on disambiguation trials and showed only fragile evidence of retention. We conclude that the ability to find the referent of a novel word in ambiguous contexts is a skill that improves from 18 to 30 months of age. Word learning is characterized as an incremental process that is related to -but not dependent on -the emergence of disambiguation biases.
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影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Fernald A;Marchman VA
通讯作者：
Marchman VA
DOI：
10.3758/bf03203646
发表时间：
1996-02-01
期刊：
BEHAVIOR RESEARCH METHODS INSTRUMENTS & COMPUTERS
影响因子：
--
作者：
Dale, PS;Fenson, L
通讯作者：
Fenson, L
影响因子：
8.2
作者：
Fernald, A;Pinto, JP;McRoberts, GW
通讯作者：
McRoberts, GW
DOI：
10.1080/15475441.2010.484379
发表时间：
2010-07-08
期刊：
Language learning and development : the official journal of the Society for Language Development
影响因子：
--
作者：
Carey S
通讯作者：
Carey S
影响因子：
4
作者：
GOLINKOFF, RM;HIRSHPASEK, K;WENGER, NR
通讯作者：
WENGER, NR