Estimating the annual entomological inoculation rate for Plasmodium falciparum transmitted by Anopheles gambiae s.l. using three sampling methods in three sites in Uganda.
Estimating the annual entomological inoculation rate for Plasmodium falciparum transmitted by Anopheles gambiae s.l. using three sampling methods in three sites in Uganda.
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DOI：
10.1186/1475-2875-13-111
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发表时间：
2014-03-21
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Lindsay SW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kilama M;Smith DL;Hutchinson R;Kigozi R;Yeka A;Lavoy G;Kamya MR;Staedke SG;Donnelly MJ;Drakeley C;Greenhouse B;Dorsey G;Lindsay SW
恶性疟原虫昆虫学接种率(PfEIR)是衡量接触感染蚊子的指标。它通常被解释为个人在一个季节或每年收到的恶性疟原虫感染性叮咬次数(APfEIR)。在一个常年传播的地区，研究了aPfEIR的精确度、精密度和季节分布(即逐月)。数据来自乌干达三个不同传播水平的地点，恶性疟疾主要通过冈比亚按蚊传播。从人类着陆的捕获物--估计咬合率的经典方法--得出的aPfEIR的估计值，与CDC灯光陷阱的数据进行了比较，并分别与击倒和退出陷阱的捕获量进行了比较。2011/12年度在三个环境中进行了一年多的昆虫学监测：低传播率的城郊地区金佳；中等传播率的农村地区卡农古；以及疟疾传播率极高的农村地区托罗罗区的纳贡埃拉。从随机选择的房屋中采用了三种抽样方法，每月收集一次：人类着陆收集(8间)、疾控中心灯光诱捕器(100间)和每个环境每月配对的拆卸和出口诱捕器(10间)。用酶联免疫吸附试验检测每户每月多达50只蚊子携带恶性疟原虫的子孢子。逐月评估咬合率(HBR)数据。用二项式精确检验估计恶性疟原虫子孢子率(PfSR)的年和月数据及其可信区间。对HBR、PfSR和PfEIR的月度和年度估计进行了估计和比较。使用人类登陆渔获量数据估计的aPfEIR值，金贾岛为3.8(95%可信区间，CI 0-11.4)，卡农古为26.6(95%可信区间为7.6-49.4)，托罗罗岛为125(95%可信区间为72.2-183.0)。总体而言，月度PfEIR值显示出强烈的季节性信号，在5-6月和10-12月出现了两个峰值，尽管不同站点的确切峰值时间不同。使用人类着陆渔获量估计的HBR与使用疾控中心灯光诱捕器(R2 = 0.67，p <； 0.001)、击倒渔获量(R2 = 0.56，p <； 0.001)和出口诱捕器(R2 = 0.82，p <； 0.001)或组合渔获量(R2 = 0.73，p <； 0.001)密切相关。利用美国疾病控制与预防中心的捕灯数据，托罗罗岛的PfSR与月HBR呈显著负相关(R2 = 0.44，p = 0.01)。在其他地点，由于子孢子阳性蚊子的恶性疟原虫数量或捕获的蚊子总数太低，PfSR中没有明显的模式。在这些环境中，捕蚊器提供了一种从室内休息的蚊子到人类着陆的蚊子进行采样的替代方法，其优点是，它们可以保护个体在采集过程中不被叮咬，使用方便，不受收集器偏差的影响。击倒式捕获器和出口捕捉器也可以用来取代人类着陆的捕获器。尽管它们更便宜，但它们容易受到收藏家偏见的影响。
The Plasmodium falciparum entomological inoculation rate (PfEIR) is a measure of exposure to infectious mosquitoes. It is usually interpreted as the number of P. falciparum infective bites received by an individual during a season or annually (aPfEIR). In an area of perennial transmission, the accuracy, precision and seasonal distribution (i.e., month by month) of aPfEIR were investigated. Data were drawn from three sites in Uganda with differing levels of transmission where falciparum malaria is transmitted mainly by Anopheles gambiae s.l. Estimates of aPfEIR derived from human-landing catches – the classic method for estimating biting rates – were compared with data from CDC light traps, and with catches of knock down and exit traps separately and combined. Entomological surveillance was carried out over one year in 2011/12 in three settings: Jinja, a peri-urban area with low transmission; Kanungu, a rural area with moderate transmission; and Nagongera, Tororo District, a rural area with exceptionally high malaria transmission. Three sampling approaches were used from randomly selected houses with collections occurring once a month: human-landing collections (eight houses), CDC light traps (100 houses) and paired knock-down and exit traps each month (ten houses) for each setting. Up to 50 mosquitoes per month from each household were tested for sporozoites with P. falciparum by ELISA. Human biting rate (HBR) data were estimated month by month. P. falciparum Sporozoite rate (PfSR) for yearly and monthly data and confidence intervals were estimated using the binomial exact test. Monthly and yearly estimates of the HBR, the PfSR, and the PfEIR were estimated and compared. The estimated aPfEIR values using human-landing catch data were 3.8 (95% Confidence Intervals, CI 0-11.4) for Jinja, 26.6 (95% CI 7.6-49.4) for Kanungu, and 125 (95% CI 72.2-183.0) for Tororo. In general, the monthly PfEIR values showed strong seasonal signals with two peaks from May-June and October-December, although the precise timing of the peaks differed between sites. Estimated HBRs using human-landing catches were strongly correlated with those made using CDC light traps (r2 = 0.67, p < 0.001), and with either knock-down catches (r2 = 0.56, p < 0.001) and exit traps (r2 = 0.82, p < 0.001) or the combined catches (r2 = 0.73, p < 0.001). Using CDC light trap catch data, the PfSR in Tororo was strongly negatively correlated with monthly HBR (r2 = 0.44, p = 0.01). In other sites, no patterns in the PfSR were discernible because either the number P. falciparum of sporozoite positive mosquitoes or the total number of mosquitoes caught was too low. In these settings, light traps provide an alternative method for sampling indoor-resting mosquitoes to human-landing catches and have the advantage that they protect individuals from being bitten during collection, are easy to use and are not subject to collector bias. Knock-down catches and exit traps could also be used to replace human-landing catches. Although these are cheaper, they are subject to collector bias.
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影响因子：
3
作者：
Govella NJ;Chaki PP;Geissbuhler Y;Kannady K;Okumu F;Charlwood JD;Anderson RA;Killeen GF
通讯作者：
Killeen GF
疟疾媒介在农村小镇和冈比亚卫星村庄的居住风险因素。
影响因子：
3
作者：
Kirby, Matthew J.;Green, Clare;Milligan, Paul M.;Sismanidis, Charalambos;Jasseh, Momadou;Conway, David J.;Lindsay, Steven W.
通讯作者：
Lindsay, Steven W.
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
LINDSAY, SW;ARMSTRONG, JRM;WILKINS, HA
通讯作者：
WILKINS, HA
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
DAVIS, JR;HALL, T;SHIFF, CJ
通讯作者：
SHIFF, CJ
DOI：
10.1080/00034983.1990.11812510
发表时间：
1990-12-01
影响因子：
--
作者：
LINDSAY, SW;CAMPBELL, H;GREENWOOD, BM
通讯作者：
GREENWOOD, BM